2. e-petroleumservices.com 1 Gas Lift Automation Dr Alasdair S Brown Technical Manager EPS Americas

3. e-petroleumservices.com 2 Automation A Requirement for fields with many wells Intelligence needs built in to applications to permit automated diagnosis “Productisation” is important to shorten time to implementation Standard Interfaces for components to allow quick integration. Concentrate software effort on integration rather than development

4. e-petroleumservices.com 3 Automation Solutions need to be robust and integrated on a solid, well designed basis, capable of scaling up to support total field operations Not put together by “garage mechanics with glue guns” – Larry Ellison on the need for software which requires less tailoring Need to integrate workflow across technical disciplines (“Knowledge Management”)

5. e-petroleumservices.com 4 Automation EPS and other companies are already doing this – perceive a reluctance from companies to go outside for these integration solutions

6. e-petroleumservices.com 5 Step Change Example - Refining US Refining Efficiency Throughout the nineties, US refining utilisation has improved radically. This benefit was delivered through the application of Automation and Optimization IT.

7. e-petroleumservices.com 6 Objective - PDVSA identified the opportunity to make significant gains in production from mature fields in the Maracaibo area through integration of automation and optimisation technologies. Scope –PDVSA awarded a contract to a consortium led by ABB to deliver an integrated system (PRAP) to deliver these gains –EPS deliverables included the optimisation systems and well modelling and diagnosis in the automated well testing subsystem Dynamic Gas Optimisation

8. e-petroleumservices.com 7 PRAP Architecture

9. e-petroleumservices.com 8 7 May, 2001 Integration Case Study Well CL243 THP CHP THT Qgi

10. e-petroleumservices.com 9 7 Mayo, 2001 16:16 The casing pressure increases rapidly... THP CHP THT Qgi 5042 :: CL243-1 :: ASMS Well Rule 42 :: SEDILAG has performed an initial run on well CL 243 because the casing pressure has changed. The possible reason could be: 1. Multiple injection points, or 2. A gas-lift valve failure, or 3. Tubing-Annulus communication. SEDILAG should confirm the specific reason. A SEDILAG run will be initiated automatically.

11. e-petroleumservices.com 10 7 Mayo, 2001 16:16 A 75 minute timer starts to see if the new abnormal situation in the well stabilises before starting SEDILAG CHP THT Qgi THP Using Zoom...

12. e-petroleumservices.com 11 MAX Function MIN Function THP CHP Qgi AVG Function 7 May, 2001 17:32 The analysis of the trends and the extraction of data for the SEDILAG execution starts

13. e-petroleumservices.com 12 7 May, 2001 17:32 A SEDILAG run starts which combines these process data values with the production history and the WellFlo well model. THP CHP THT Qgi

14. e-petroleumservices.com 13 7 de Mayo, 2001 17:32 As a result of the SEDILAG diagnosis, an alarm is produced. THP CHP THT Qgi Integration with Well Test Optimization Comes from SEDILAG and confirms the suspicions of ASMS!

15. e-petroleumservices.com 14 Results An integrated production model was built by EPS and interfaced to the SCADA system. The initial implementation covered some 250 wells in Lake Maracaibo This pilot phase generated quantifiable gains of between 2% and 7% in the areas covered resulting in a bottom line performance gain of $36 million per annum. The success of the pilot has given PDVSA the confidence to implement this technology through all its assets - this is projected to improve financial performance by $800 million per annum Dynamic Gas Optimisation The DGO application optimizes the use of gas as a fuel and between the different consumers.

16. e-petroleumservices.com 15 i -DO Objective – short term gains of 3-7% in production, medium term – unit cost reductions of up to 35% Scope Used on a daily basis to manage the asset and make operational decisions including Hydrocarbon Accounting Production Reporting Environmental Reporting Production Loss Management Production Forecasting On-line “Real Time” –Field Production Optimisation –Production Welltest Diagnosis Delivery An integrated set of tools linked to real time data acquisition systems for on-line operation

17. e-petroleumservices.com 16 i -DO Implementation Build on existing products Reduce risk through virtually an “off-the-shelf” solution –All components configurable (without software changes) for different assets –Generic SCADA interfaces available

18. e-petroleumservices.com 17 Intelligent Daily Operations