2. Review ①What are the properties of minerals? ②What are the five characteristic of a mineral?

3. Review ①What are the properties of minerals?  Color, luster, streak, hardness, and cleavage or fracture ②What are the five characteristic of a mineral?  Minerals are solid  Minerals are inorganic  Minerals form in nature.  Minerals have a specific chemical make-up or composition.  Minerals have a definite structure.

4. Common Minerals  Earth is made up of more than 3,500 different minerals.

5. Common Minerals  Earth is made up of more than 3,500 different minerals.  However, only a few minerals are commonly found.

6. Common Minerals  Earth is made up of more than 3,500 different minerals.  However, only a few minerals are commonly found.  Think about the minerals we have studies in this lesson.

7. Common Minerals  Earth is made up of more than 3,500 different minerals.  However, only a few minerals are commonly found.  Think about the minerals we have studies in this lesson.  They are made up of some of the most common elements on Earth.

8. Common Minerals  For example, silicon and oxygen are the two most abundant elements on Earth.

9. Common Minerals  For example, silicon and oxygen are the two most abundant elements on Earth.  So, it makes sense that quartz, which is made up of silicon and oxygen (SiO 2 ), is the most abundant mineral on Earth.

10. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Calcite  Common Color(s): colorless, white, or light pink  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 3.5

11. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Fluorite  Common Color(s): colorless, green, or purple  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 4

12. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Galena  Common Color(s): lead-gray  Luster: metallic  Hardness: 2.5

13. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Graphite  Common Color(s): dark gray to black  Luster: metallic  Hardness: 1-2

14. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Gypsum  Common Color(s): white, colorless, or gray  Luster: glassy or dull  Hardness: 2

15. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Halite  Common Color(s): colorless or white  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 2.5

16. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Hematite  Common Color(s): silvery-gray, reddish-brown, or black  Luster: metallic, dull, or earthy  Hardness: 5-6

17. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Hornblende  Common Color(s): dark green or black  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 5-6

18. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Magnetite  Common Color(s): black  Luster: metallic  Hardness: 5.5-6.5

19. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Mica  Common Color(s): brownish-black or white  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 2.5-3

20. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Feldspar  Common Color(s): pink or less commonly gray  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 6

21. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Pyrite  Common Color(s): brassy yellow  Luster: metallic  Hardness: 6-6.5

22. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Quartz  Common Color(s): colorless, white, gray, purple, orange, or pink  Luster: glassy  Hardness: 7

23. Some Common Minerals & Their Properties  Mineral: Talc  Common Color(s): pale green, white, or gray  Luster: pearly  Hardness: 1

24. Common Minerals  Have you ever found a rock and wondered what it was made of?

25. Common Minerals  Have you ever found a rock and wondered what it was made of?  Some minerals are called rock-forming minerals because they make up most of the rocks on Earth.

26. Common Minerals  Although many people use the terms mineral and rock interchangeable, they are not the same.

27. Common Minerals  Although many people use the terms mineral and rock interchangeable, they are not the same.  A mineral is a solid, natural, inorganic material.

28. Common Minerals  Although many people use the terms mineral and rock interchangeable, they are not the same.  A mineral is a solid, natural, inorganic material.  A mineral also has a specific chemical make-up and definite physical structure.

29. Common Minerals  Although many people use the terms mineral and rock interchangeable, they are not the same.  A mineral is a solid, natural, inorganic material.  A mineral also has a specific chemical make-up and definite physical structure.  A rock could be organic and is made up of more than one mineral.

30. Scripture Spotlight What minerals are mentioned in Exodus 28:9-12? What are they used for?

31. Scripture Spotlight What minerals are mentioned in Exodus 28:9-12? What are they used for? Exodus 28:9-12 describes two onyx stones set in gold. Each stone contained the names of six of the tribes of Israel. The stones were worn by the high priest on the shoulder pieces of the ephod so that he could bear the names before the Lord as a memorial.