1. Intro to Respiration An Overview

2. What are we learning? Why is it important?

3. Learning Intention: Understand how energy is transformed in the cell to useable forms

4. Cellular Respiration: Releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Energy Is anything about this equation familiar???

5. Almost Everything we need to know is in this organizer!!!

6. In which organelle does Cellular Respiration take place? The Mitochondria

7. In which organisms does cellular respiration take place? a.Plants b.Animals c.Both plants and animals

8. The steps of Aerobic Respiration What does Aerobic mean? –In the presence of Oxygen 3 steps: 1. Glycolysis (doesn’t require O 2 ) 1. Glycolysis (doesn’t require O 2 ) 2. Krebs Cycle 2. Krebs Cycle 3. Electron Transport Chain 3. Electron Transport Chain

10. Glycolysis Glucose (A six carbon sugar) is broken down into two 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules. –Requires two ATP molecules. –Creates 4 ATP molecules and 2 NADPH molecules for the electron transport chain. What is the net ATP production during Glycolysis?

11. In the presence of oxygen… Pyruvic acid (3 Carbon) from glycolysis is further decomposed to Acetyl coA (2 Carbon molecule) Kreb’s Cycle Acetyl CoA is converted to CO 2, and NADH, ATP, and FADH 2 are recharged. –Occurs in the mitochondria. –The end energy tally from 1 Glucose (2 pyruvic acids) is: 6 NADH 2 FADH 2 2 ATP

12. What is the main product of the Kreb’s Cycle that comes from the complete breakdown of glucose ?

14. Electron Transport The Krebs Cycle creates high energy electrons. These electrons are passed along a series of proteins in the mitochondrial membrane. The electrons from the 6 NADH are used to form 18 ATP molecules. The electrons from the 2 FADH2 are used to make 2 ATP molecules.

16. One Glucose molecule produces 36 ATP through the process of Cellular Respiration!!!

17. What if no oxygen is present????

18. Fermentation An anaerobic respiration meaning that oxygen is not required. Two types of fermentation: –Alcoholic Fermentation –Lactic Acid Fermentation

19. Alcoholic Fermentation Used by yeast and a few other microorganisms. Produces Ethyl Alcohol and CO 2 as wastes. Pyruvic Acid + NADH Alcohol + CO 2 + NAD +

20. Lactic Acid Fermentation Produced in many cells including your muscles. Pyruvic Acid + NADH Lactic Acid + NAD + Lactic Acid is produced during rapid exercise, causing a painful, burning sensation. This effect is reduced with potassium.

21. Cellular Respiration of Glucose Molecule. Glycolysis=6 ATP Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain=30 ATP Grand Total of 36 ATP molecules from 1 Glucose!

22. Energy and Exercise Quick Energy comes from ATP in the muscle cell ready for use. –a few seconds Long Term Energy- cellular respiration provides energy for at least 20-30 minutes. –Fermentation occurs more rapidly so it also kicks in. After 20-30 minutes, other molecules, such as fats or proteins are used for energy.

23. Journal: Explain the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?