1. Exercise Physiology

2. Exercise Physiology
Studies a range of SYSTEMS in the human body. These systems allow us to perform the various activities we do, and more importantly. enable us to live.
Exercise Physiology requires us to understand the following information:
Muscular Systems – how they contract & relax and their microscopic structures.
Energy Systems – how we get energy to move.
Circulatory Systems – the heart & blood.
Respiratory System – the lungs
Nervous Systems – the brain & how it controls movement & processes

3. In this unit we will learn about
Energy systems – and how we get energy to move.
How our body responds to exercise.
The heart and lungs.

4. The Energy Systems
Energy for muscle contractions can be supplied in two ways: Either
Anaerobically – without oxygen, or
Aerobically – with oxygen.
In the body there are three main pathways for the breakdown of ATP to make energy. These systems are dependent on the type of activity being performed.
The Three Pathways Are:
ATP-CP
Anaerobic – (lactic acid)
Aerobic

5. The ATP-PC System
This energy system provides energy for the activities of short duration and high intensity hence it does not require oxygen.
The ATP-PC system will only last up to 10 seconds when there is not any recovery time because the ATP & PC becomes exhausted.
The ATP-PC system is used during 100m sprints, shot put, high-jump and other activities that are completed in only a few seconds.

6. The Lactic Acid System
The Lactic Acid system is also anaerobic (ie. No Oxygen). It is the system that ‘kicks-in’ when the ATP-PC system can no longer produce energy.
The lactic acid system provides energy for up to 3 minutes hence it is used for activities such as 400m & 800m running events or middle distance swimming. The main source of fuel for this system is Carbohydrates.
One problem with the Lactic Acid system is that a by-product called Lactic Acid builds up in the muscles and blood. It is this by-product produced during intense exercise that causes fatigue.

7. The Aerobic System
The aerobic system produces ATP in the presence of oxygen. It is this system that is used during rest & everyday activities such as mowing the lawns, walking etc. During intense exercise it is the aerobic system that ‘kicks-in’ after 2-3 minutes.
The aerobic system produces far more ATP than any other system because it is produced when oxygen is present. Not only this, oxygen being present also prevents the build-up of Lactic Acid.

8. The Three Energy Systems
Running Time (seconds)
% Energy Contribution
Red –
Green –
Pale Blue -
Ask students, Which line is which. Red – Lactic Acid, Green – Aerobic, Pale Blue – ATP-PC

9. Task – Identify the energy system at work.
Activity
ATP-CP
Lactic Acid
Aerobic
Golf Swing
Javelin
Marathon
200m Swim
Volleyball Spike
1500m Run
Walking
30 sec Burst
Power-lifting
Beep Test
Students to copy out chat and complete (answers on next slide)

10. Task - Answers Activity ATP-CP Lactic Acid Aerobic Golf Swing X
Javelin
Marathon
200m Swim
Volleyball Spike
1500m Run
Walking
30 sec Burst
Power-lifting
Beep Test

11. Using your notes on energy systems, complete the following table:
Description
Source of Energy
Time
(predominately used)
Classification
Example
ATP – CP
(immediate)
Lactic Acid
(short term)
Aerobic
(long term)
Give out Energy Systems worksheet.
Using their notes from the previous lesson, the students should be able to complete this table. Answers on next slide

12. Answers Description Source of Energy Time Example Classification
(predominately used)
Classification
Example
ATP – PC
(immediate)
Used in high intensity, extremely short activities.
ATP stored in the muscle cells.
0-10 sec
Anaerobic
(Does not require O2, and so does not cause a build up of lactic acid).
Sprint starts, weight lifting, shot put…
Lactic Acid
(short term)
Used in short term, high intensity exercise.
Carbohydrates
(glycogen)
30 sec – 2 mins
(Does not require O2, but used carbos only, large amounts of lactic acid build up-hence decreased performance).
200m sprint, sit ups/ press ups…
Aerobic
(long term)
Light – moderate intensive exercise. (The body can work for extended time without experiencing fatigue).
Carbohydrates and fats.
2-3mins + (These intensive may vary from very easy to very hard)
(Because this system requires oxygen to burn carbos and fats, lactic acid does not build up-hence no effect on performance).
Marathon runner or swimmer…

13. Summary of Energy Systems
ATP-PC System Lactic Acid System Aerobic System
Anaerobic Anaerobic Aerobic
Very rapid Rapid Slow
Chemical: CP Food: glycogen Food: CHO, Fat, Protein
Very limited ATP Limited ATP Unlimited ATP
Muscular stores Lactic Acid causes No fatiguing
limited fatigue by-products
Explosive, sprint 30 sec to 3 min Endurance
100m 400m Marathon
Students can take further notes from this slide if they wish, but most of the info is in the previous task.