1. Evidence of Evolution
Blue-footed booby

2. Evidence of evolution Fossil Record Anatomy Embryology Biochemistry
Evidence in microevolution

3. Preservation (insect in amber)
Fossil evidence
Mold Fossil
Fossils → remains of ancient life
Fossils arranged according to age show a progression of changes
The Law of Superposition → a layer of rock is older than the layer above
Fossils can be arranged by relative age
Radioactive Dating → naturally occurring radioactive substances decay at a known rate
Transitional forms of fossils are evidence for evolutionary change
Preservation (insect in amber)
Cast Fossil

6. Anatomy evidence
Evolution works primarily by modifying pre-existing structures
Homologous structures: parts came from the same origins, but now may have different function
e.g., forelimbs of all mammals contain the same pattern of bones, although the bones now carry out a variety of functions
horse leg, bat wing, human arm, whale flipper

8. Anatomy evidence
Analogous structures: parts came from different origin, but now have same function

9. Anatomy evidence
Vestigial structures: parts have no current function (had a function in ancestors)
Examples in humans: wisdom teeth, erector pili, coccyx, ear muscles, appendix

12. Embryology evidence
Closely related organisms develop similarly, especially in early fetal stages
This suggests that these organisms are related to other forms.
Mammal embryos (including humans) have fish-like gill slits, tail

17. Biochemistry evidence
All organisms share certain biochemistry
Genetic code for building amino acids
All organisms use ATP for energy
Plasma membranes of all organisms consist of a phospholipid bi-layer

18. # of amino acid differences between human hemoglobin and other organisms

20. H: Human Chromosome
C: Chimp Chromosome

21. Evidence for Microevolution
Evolution Observed
Evolution of pesticide resistance in response to selection.

22. Evidence for Evolution – Evolution Observed
Evolution of drug-resistance in HIV

24. Evolution in Action

25. Macroevolution
Large scale changes that take place over a long period of time that create and eliminate species.

26. Microevolution
Short time scale events (generation-to-generation) that change the genotypes and phenotypes of populations.