1. Click to edit Master subtitle style Chronomics Studies of Altitude Effects on Cardiovascular System Germaine Cornelissen, Vincenzo Valenzi (presenter), Kuniaki Otsuka

2. Blood pressure and heart rate recorded by APM were higher at a meeting in the mountains (~2925 m) than in home towns (at much lower altitudes) in 14 participants

3. From 2004 to 2010, effects of aging on blood pressure and heart rate and on neuro-pulmonary function were investigated in high-altitude villages in the Indian Himalayas (3250 – 4647 m) for comparison with low-altitude Japanese owns (25 m), where comprehensive health watches took place.

4. Diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were higher in Leh (Ladakh) [N=332] than in Hokkaido (Japan) [N=216].

5. Data of K Otsuka et al.

6. Two times measurement of CAVI showed no statistically significant differences between Leh (Ladakh) and Tosa (Japan, 250m), suggesting that most residents succeed in adapting sufficiently to their high-altitude environment. Several individuals with very large CAVI were identified at high altitude, however.

7. Data of K Otsuka et al. Monitoring at high altitude (2002 – 2012)

8. Data of K Otsuka et al.

10. A coronal mass ejection on 1 Aug. 2010, followed 4 days later by disastrous floods, affected the health of people in Ladakh. Blood pressure increased from 130.1/81.7 to 135.2/85.7 mmHg (P<0.005) and the percentage of subjects suffering from a depressive mood increased from 5.3% to 8.8% (P<0.001).

11. Data of K Otsuka et al.

13. Physiological monitoring at different altitudes in the mountains for comparison with similar records at lower altitudes is recommended to quantify any beneficial and/or harmful effects of higher altitude on human health. The contribution of confounding variables such as the presence of pollutants should be considered in assessing effects of altitude on human health.

14. Thank You