1. POPULATION PYRAMIDS

2. Objectives WHAT is a population pyramid?
HOW to read a population pyramid?
Recognize SHAPES of population pyramids.
IMPORTANCE of population pyramids.

3. What is a population pyramid?
It is a diagram that gives information about the proportion of males and females in each age group.
Also shows:
- proportion of young people (0 -14 )
- proportion of working people (15 – 59)
- proportion of elderly people (60+)

4. What is a population pyramid?
Vertical Axis - Age Groups
Elderly dependents
Working population
Young dependents
Horizontal Axis – Percentage / number

5. How to read a population pyramid?
Read the title e.g. country or city or racial group
Comment on general shape of the pyramid
Note the proportion of people in various age groups
Note the sex ratio
Interpret the data

6. Types of Population Pyramid
1. Triangular-shaped
2. Beehive-shaped Pyramid
3. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid
Shape of pyramids is controlled by
births,
deaths, &
migrations.

7. Triangular-shaped Pyramid (Broad-based Pyramid)

8. Broad-based Pyramid Title: India, 2000
Shape: Broad Base - high birth rates
Narrow Top - small elderly pop
- high death rate
Proportion: - Large proportion of young
- high young dependency
ratio
Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance sex ratio

9. Indonesia
2000
Malaysia
2000

11. Beehive-shaped Pyramid

12. Beehive-shaped Pyramid
Title: Singapore, 2000
Shape: Rocket-shaped / Narrow Base
– Low Birth Rates, Slow pop growth
Proportion: Large proportion of working
population, yr old - large
group of economically active pop
Sex Ratio: Balanced pyramid

13. Hong Kong
2000
Taiwan
2000

14. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid

15. Rectangular Pyramid Title: Netherlands, 2000
Shape: Rectangular-shaped - Zero Pop Growth
Narrow Base - Low Birth Rates
- Life-expectancy is high e.g. 80+
- Low death rates
Proportion: Bars of equal length - Balance
Proportion
Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance Sex
Ratio

16. UK 2000
Netherlands
2000

18. Population Pyramids in Transition

19. Each pyramid tells a story about the past, present & future of a country & its people.

20. Importance of Population Pyramids
Policy Planning
~ future housing estates
~ future schools
~ future jobs
Comparison with other countries
~ developed (US) vs developing (India)

21. Your turn…
Look at the shape
Find the trend
Remember your basic shapes

23. United States, 2000 More boys in younger age groups than girls
Reversal of ratio in upper age groups
Shifts around age 35
Slow growth

25. China, 2000
Efforts to reduce the birth rate have contributed to a prominent male majority.
Since the early 1980s, parents try to have a male child if they are only having one child
Boys culturally seen as more beneficial than a female
Imbalance
Could lead to instabilities

27. Mexico, 2000
Pyramid shape
Rapid growth

29. Iceland, 2000 Generally straight except for older age groups
Stable population

31. Japan, 2000
Top-heavy shape
Shrinking population

33. Germany, 2010
Negative growth

35. Sweden, 2010
Somewhat stable; could be beginning a pattern of negative growth

37. Kenya, 2010 Looks like slow growth Dying younger
The situation in Kenya: young adults with AIDS are dying leaving a very young population in its place

39. Brazil, 2010
Looks like the pattern of rapid growth was interrupted by something
Growth rate is again rising

41. Russia, 2010 Very unbalanced at top between males and females.
Transitioning between patterns of rapid growth; either slowing or beginning to grow again.

43. North Korea, 2010
Beginning period of negative growth
Had previously experienced rapid growth
Females outnumber men in older ages