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In some cases, an applied force is balanced by an opposite force, and there is no change in motion. In other cases, an applied force is not balanced by.

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Presentation on theme: "In some cases, an applied force is balanced by an opposite force, and there is no change in motion. In other cases, an applied force is not balanced by."— Presentation transcript:

1 In some cases, an applied force is balanced by an opposite force, and there is no change in motion. In other cases, an applied force is not balanced by an opposite force, and the result is acceleration in the direction of the applied force. Look at the following illustrations, and identify the forces and motion in each one. 1.In one drawing, no motion is likely to occur. Which drawing is it? 2.In which diagram are the forces clearly balanced? How does this relate to your answer to #1? If more force is exerted by the person, does the opposite force increase to match the new force, stay the same or decrease? 3. Suppose there is enough friction in the wheels of the wagon in diagram C to balance the force with which the wagon is pulled. How will this affect the motion of the wagon? A B C D

2 Chapter 11 Forces Section 1 Laws of Motion

3 Watch the video. What happens to the people inside the car? Why?

4 I. Newton’s 1 st Law A.An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion maintains its velocity unless it experiences an unbalanced force.

5 B. Inertia – tendency of an object to either: 1. Keep moving 2. Remain at rest C. Mass determines force: 1. Big mass = big force. 2. Small mass = small force.

6 D. Moving objects want to stay moving while objects at rest want to stay at rest. 1.Large objects (Large Mass) = more inertia. 2.Small objects (Small Mass) = less inertia.

7 II. Newton’s 2 nd Law A.Force equals mass times acceleration. F = ma The unbalanced force acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration.

8 B.Force is measured in Newtons (N). One newton = 1kg x 1 m/s 2 1 pound (lb) = 4.4 newtons (N).

9 Problem: What is the net force necessary for a 1.6 x 10 3 kg automobile to accelerate forward at 2.0 m/s 2 GIVEN: m = 1.6 x 10 3 kg a = 2.0 m/s 2 F = ? WORK: F = ma F = (1.6 x 10 3 kg) (2.0 m/s 2 ) F = 3,200N m F a

10 Problem: A baseball accelerates downward at 9.8 m/s 2. If the gravitational force is the only force acting on the baseball and is 1.4 N, what is the baseball’s mass? GIVEN: m = ? a = 9.8 m/s 2 F = 1.4 N WORK: F = ma m = F/a m = 1.4 N/9.8 m/s 2 m = 0.14 kg m F a

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