1. 23 January 2016 Gustavo C ARUSO Head, Regulatory Activities Section Division of Nuclear Installations Safety Department of Nuclear Safety and Security Establishing a Safety Infrastructure for a National Nuclear Power Programme

2. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20162 Safety Infrastructure Guide DS424 Increasing number of countries considering the introduction of nuclear power. Need to comply with the IAEA Safety Standards for ensuring safety and enhancing international confidence. Development of the Safety Infrastructure Guide DS424 Roadmap to apply the entire set of IAEA Safety Standards in countries embarking on nuclear power

3. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20163 Extract from DG’s 2008 General Conference speech: “Every country has the right to introduce nuclear power, as well as the responsibility to do it right.” Position of the IAEA Principle 1: Responsibility for safetyPrinciple 2: Role of governmentPrinciple 3: Leadership for safety

4. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20164 Main phases of the safety infrastructure development in the lifetime of a nuclear power plant (based on INSAG-22) Phase 1 Safety infrastructure before deciding to launch a nuclear power programme 1~3 years Phase 5 Safety infrastructure during decommissio- ning and waste management phases of a NPP 20~100+ years Phase 3 Safety infrastructure before commissioning and operation 7~10 years Phase 4 Safety infrastructure during operation of the NPP 40~60 years Phase 2 Safety infrastructure before bidding process 3~7 years Positive decision Negative decision The safety- related elements of the rationale for the negative decision have to be clearly identified and stated. Safety Infrastructure Guide (DS424) constitutes a “Road-map” to apply the entire set of IAEA safety principles and requirements progressively during Phases 1, 2 and 3 of the implementation of a nuclear power programme.

5. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20165 “Milestones” document IAEA NG-G-3.1 IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS GUIDES REQUIREMENTS FUNDAMENTALS IAEA Nuclear Power Support Group’s BROCHURE International Nuclear Safety Group’s REPORT-22 The central role of the Safety Infrastructure Guide DS424

6. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20166 The main 3 roles of DS424 1. Road-map to gradually apply the IAEA Safety Standards.

7. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20167 The Structure of the Safety Infrastructure Guide DS424 The Safety Infrastructure Guide (DS424) is structured in accordance with the IAEA Safety Requirements. Primarily used to help in enhancing newcomers’ Safety Infrastructure and Capacity Building. Providing and facilitating international cooperation and coordination for building nuclear safety infrastructure.

8. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20168 1 - National policy and strategy 2 - Global nuclear safety régime 3 - Legal framework 4 - Regulatory framework 5 - Transparency and openness 6 - Funding and financing 7 - External support organizations and contractors 8 - Leadership and management for safety 9 - Human resources development 10 - Research for safety and regulatory purposes 11 - Radiation protection 12 - Safety assessment 13 - Safety of radioactive waste, spent fuel management and decommissioning 14 - Emergency preparedness and response 15 - Operating organization 16 - Site survey, site selection and evaluation 17 - Design safety 18 - Preparation for commissioning 19 - Transport safety 20 - Interfaces with nuclear security GSR Part 5 NS-R-3 GSR Part 4 WS-R-5 GS-R-2 TS-R-1 GS-R-3 The 20 chapters of the SAFETY INFRASTRUCTURE Guide DS424 GS-R-1 BSS-115 NS-R-2 NS-R-1

9. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 20169 Phase 1 Phase 2 Contract Application for construction license First concrete Safety evaluation of the bids Preparation of safety documentation Assessment by the regulatory body Construction phase Issuance of the nuclear law Issuance of safety requirements needed for bid specification Establishing the basic regulatory framework Site preparation Fuel delivery Issuance of the construction licence Phase 3 1~3 years3~7 years7~10 years Initial site survey Environmental impact assessment Ready to invite bids Ready to make a decision on whether or not to introduce nuclear power Ready to commission and operate the first NPP Some steps important to safety described in the Safety Infrastructure Guide

10. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201610 Involvement of the main entities Involvement of the Government Ready to invite bids Ready to commission and operate the first NPP Ready to make a decision on whether or not to introduce nuclear power Phase 1 Phase 2Phase 3 Involvement of the Regulatory Body in nuclear power activities establishment Involvement of the Operating Organization establishment 1~3 years3~7 years7~10 years

11. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201611 The main 3 roles of DS424 1. Road-map to gradually apply the IAEA Safety Standards. 2. Terms of reference to tailor the Safety Review Services.

12. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201612 Importance of coordination IAEA safety review missions based on internationally agreed safety standards are well established and are the best tools to build up confidence on the capacity of a country to develop safe nuclear energy.

13. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201613 INIR Mission Holistic reviews against the Milestones (Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review) Ph 1 Operation Ph 2Ph 3 IRRS Mission Safety peer reviews against the Safety Standards (to address the safety-related infrastructure) Safety Missions pre-OSART, IRRS… Siting Mission Coordinating Safety reviews and Holistic reviews (INIR missions)

14. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201614  Promote sharing ofexperienceand exchange of lessons learnt among senior regulators  Promote sharing of experience and exchange of lessons learnt among senior regulators  Promote the application of the IAEA Safety Requirements and harmonization of regulatory approaches among Member States IRRS Objectives

15. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201615  Provide requesting Member States with an objective review (Technical and Policy issues) of their regulatory practices with respect to international safety standards  Provide the host country withrecommendations, suggestionsfor improvements  Provide the host country with recommendations, suggestions for improvements IRRS Objectives

16. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201616 IAEA IRRS PROGRAMME Romania, IRRS, UK, France, 2006Romania, IRRS, UK, France, 2006 Australia, Japan, Mexico, 2007Australia, Japan, Mexico, 2007 Spain, Ukraine, Germany, 2008Spain, Ukraine, Germany, 2008 France (F), Canada, UK (2 nd Mission), Russia, Vietnam, 2009France (F), Canada, UK (2 nd Mission), Russia, Vietnam, 2009 Japan (F), Iran, China, United States, Poland, Pakistan, 2010Japan (F), Iran, China, United States, Poland, Pakistan, 2010 Switzerland, UAE, Slovenia, Spain (F), Korea, Slovakia, (+F) 2011Switzerland, UAE, Slovenia, Spain (F), Korea, Slovakia, (+F) 2011 Sweden, Bulgaria, Finland, Czech Rep., Embarking Countries, (+F), 2012 Sweden, Bulgaria, Finland, Czech Rep., Embarking Countries, (+F), 2012 Hungary, Belgium, Netherlands, Brazil, South Africa, Embarking Countries ….. Follow-ups, (2013/14)Hungary, Belgium, Netherlands, Brazil, South Africa, Embarking Countries ….. Follow-ups, (2013/14) + Ongoing Requests from Smaller Programmes+ Ongoing Requests from Smaller Programmes

17. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201617 The main 3 roles of DS424 1. Road-map to gradually apply the IAEA Safety Standards. 2. Terms of reference to tailor the Safety Review Services. 3. Training framework for embarking countries.

18. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201618 Phasing the Training Programme Phase 1 M1: decision Phase 2Phase 3 M3: commissioning Operation Before contractAfter contract IAEA plays a more relevant role Most of the training provided by the vendor and by the RB that have licensed a similar facility M2: call for tenders

19. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201619 Conclusion: the main 3 roles of the Safety Infrastructure Guide DS424 1. Road-map to gradually apply the IAEA Safety Standards. 2. Terms of reference to tailor the Safety Review Services. 3. Training framework for embarking countries.

20. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201620 Support to Member States on Nuclear Safety PHASE 1 Workshops on Safety Infrastructure (Guide DS424) Experts Missions on Siting of NPPs Site Evaluation Review Service Expert Missions on Governmental and Regulatory Framework Workshops on Management of Safety Expert Safety Missions on Capacity Building

21. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201621 Support to Member States on Nuclear Safety PHASE 2 Expert Safety Missions on Capacity Building Integrated Regulatory Review Service (IRRS) PHASE 3 Expert Safety Missions on Capacity Building OSART (NPP Construction)

22. IAEA – S AFETY I NFRASTRUCTURE 23 January 201622 Thank you for your attention. IAEA – Safety Infrastructure – g.caruso@iaea.org