2.   Natural Disasters  Plate Tectonics  Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition  Surface Water  Groundwater Forces That Shape The Earth

3.   Weathering is the breaking down of rock  Physical: materials or minerals stay the same but may look different (plant roots, ice wedging, animals burrowing)  Chemical: rock changes its minerals (oxidation or rust, lichen produce acid, carbonic acid makes caverns) Weathering

4.   Erosion is the carrying away of sediment to a new place  Forces that move sediment:  Wind  Water (waves, rain)  Gravity  Ice or glaciers  Human effect Erosion

5.   Deposition occurs when erosional forces deposit or drop off material its been carrying  New land is created using materials from other locations upstream  Depositional landforms:  Delta  Sand dunes  Landslide material  Sandbars  Alluvial fan Deposition