1. CIVIL WARS IN AFRICA LEAD TO U.N. PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS UN PEACE KEEPING

2. WHY SO MANY CIVIL WARS IN AFRICA? Root Causes Political Corruption & Failure Lack of Respect for rule of Law Governments or rebels commit human rights violations Exploitation of resources = economic failure Over Looked Causes European Colonialism Created modern day borders Help to create tension between different tribes & ethnicities to maintain power Exploitation of African resources

3. OVERLOOKED CAUSE OF MANY CONFLICTS IN AFRICA SCRAMBLE FOR AFRICA- EUROPEAN COLONIALISM

4. EUROPEANS SCRAMBLED TO TAKE OVER ALL PARTS OF AFRICA.

5. DIAMONDS, OIL, MINERALS, RUBBER– RICH RESOURCES EUROPEANS WANTED NATURAL RESOURCES!

6. RWANDA, INDIA EUROPEAN DIVIDE AND RULE

7. GENOCIDE IN RWANDA DIVIDE & RULE BELGIANS IN RWANDA Rwanda

8. BELGIANS HAD PUT TUTSIS IN POWER, AGAINST THE HUTUS AFTER INDEPENDENCE, CIVIL WAR FOR DECADES BETWEEN HUTUS & TUTSIS

9. BRITISH DEVELOPED AND FAVORED THE ARAB NORTH; IGNORING THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE COUNTRY DIVIDE AND RULE IN THE SUDAN

10. BELGIAN- KING LEOPOLD CONGO-EXPLOITS RESOURCES

11. BANTU IN THE SOUTH & ACHOLI & LANGI IN NORTH UGANDA- BRITISH CREATED TENSION BETWEEN ETHNIC GROUPS IN NORTH & SOUTH

12. NO CONCERN FOR THE DIFFERENT ETHNIC OR CULTURAL GROUPS THAT WERE WITHIN THE BORDERS. EUROPEANS CREATE BORDERS FOR NEWLY INDEPENDENT COUNTRIES!

13. BRITISH CREATED TENSIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENT GROUPS NORTH- ACHOLI & LANGO, SOUTH- BANTU GROUPS

14. POLITICAL & ECONOMIC CORRUPTION; EXPLOITATION AND FAILURE ROOT CAUSES OF CIVIL WARS

15. UGANDA- IDI AMIN 1971-1979 Authoritarian Leader of Uganda Amin's rule was characterized by human rights abuses, Political repression, ethnic persecution, killings nepotism & and gross economic mismanagement.

16. THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (ZAIRE) Patrice Lumumba- 1 st Elected leader of Congo CIA & Soviet involvement in Africa after Independence!

17. MOBUTU RULED FOR 32 YEARS AFTER LUMUMBA, JOSEPH MOBUTU EXPLOITS THE CONGO RESOURCES

18. AFRICAN LEADERS EXPLOIT MINERALS HUGE DEPOSITS OF MINERALS, OIL, DIAMONDS IN CONGO

19. PRESIDENT REAGAN & MOBUTU COLD WAR- MOBUTU “ANTI-COMMUNIST”

20. GOVERN THEMSELVES & STOPPED EXPLOITATION HOPE FOR AFRICAN’S DURING INDEPENDENCE!

21. TODAY, AFRICA WORLD WAR

22. CONGO, AFRICA’S WORLD WAR

23. CONTROL OF CONGO’S MINERALS

24. EVEN THE U.S. OIL COMPANIES ARE INVOLVED!

25. WITHOUT THE UN MANY MORE DEATHS IN WORLD FROM WARS! UN PEACEKEEPING, COMPLEX & DIFFICULT

26. EXTRA CREDIT- OR REPLACE MISSING HOMEWORK LAST KING OF SCOTLAND- MOVIE