1. Compiled By: Varia V. Virdaus

2.  When an activity happened at an unspecified time in the past (before the present)  When an activity has been repeated several times before now  When an activity was very recently completed before now  When an activity is not completed in the past

3.  (unspecified time before now) They have already seen that movie.  (repeated activity before now) We have visited New York City many times.  (an action has recently been completed before now) I have just eaten.  (action not completed in the past) I have studied Spanish for many years.

8. Basic Patterns: Using Verb: (+) S+Have/Has+V3+O (- ) S+Have/Has+NOT+V3+O (? ) Have/Has+S+V3+O

9. Using Non-Verb: (+) S+Have/Has+Been+non verb+O (- ) S+Have/Has+NOT+Been+non verb+O (? ) Have/Has+S+Been+O

10. Examples: 1. I have arrived here 2 hours ago. 2. She has come home last night. 3. He has brought my letter. 4. I have lived here since 18 years ago. 5. I have been here since 6 hours.

11. 1. She……(give) the birthday gift to you. 2. I ……..(work) at the office since I was 20 years old. 3. Aleea ….(bring) me rainbow-cake. 4. They…. (be) in Edinburg 8 years ago. 5. Mommy…..(make) me a glass of milk.