1. Organic Chemistry

2. What is Organic chemistry?
Historical
“Organic” – derived from living organisms
Compounds such as sugar, urea, starch
Vitalism: natural products needed a “VitalForce” to create them
Wöhler (1828) synthesis of urea
Inorganic
Organic

3. Organic Chemistry Today
The study of compounds and reactions involving carbon, regardless of source (Kekulé, 1861)
Organic Chemistry: The chemistry of carbon
and carbon-based compounds

4. Why should we care? Biochemistry Pharmaceuticals Industry Polymers
Explosives

5. Organic Chemistry in everyday life:
Smells & tastes: fruits, chocolate, fish, mint
Medications: Aspirin, Tylenol, Decongestants, Sedatives
Addictive substances: Caffeine, Nicotine, Alcohol,
Narcotics
Hormones/Neurotransmitters: Adrenaline, Epinephrine
Food/Nutrients: Carbohydrates, Protein, Fat, Vitamins
Genetics: DNA, RNA
Consumer products: Plastics, Nylon, Rayon, Polyester

6. Organic Molecules

7. the brain
dopamine

8. Synaptic neurotransmission
Dopamine neuron
Target Neurons
terminal
dendrite
cell body
axon
postsynaptic
receptor
presynaptic
dopamine
transporter
vesicles
tyrosine
l-dopa
synapse

9. a neurotransmitter present in the brain
Dopamine
a neurotransmitter present in the brain
a space filling model

10. a neurotransmitter present in the brain
Dopamine
a neurotransmitter present in the brain
nitrogen
hydrogen
oxygen
carbon
a ball and stick model

11. Dopamine

12. Dopamine. Dash Molecular formula
two lines = 4 electrons
one line = 2 electrons
Condensed molecular formula = C8H11NO2

13. Dopamine. Line-Angle Molecular formula
all nodes are carbon add hydrogens until there are 4 bonds to each carbon atom

14. Both structures represent the molecule dopamine but the bottom structure is simpler to draw.

15. Link->

16. Chemical Formulae Empirical formula Molecular formula Example:
Smallest integer ratio between atoms of different types in a molecule.
Molecular formula
Actual number of atoms of each type in a molecule.
Example:
Ethene (C2H4) and cyclohexane (C6H12) both have the empirical formula (CH2)

17. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics
Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen?
C H O2

18. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics
Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen?
C H O2 13

19. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics
Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen?
C H O2 13

20. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics
Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen?
C H O2 13 18

21. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics
Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in a number of analgesics. The structure of ibuprofen is given below. What is the molecular formula of ibuprofen?
C H O2 13 18

22. The three dimensional nature of molecules, such as ibuprofen, is fundamental to all of their properties including biological behavior.
C H O2 13 18

23. Bonding and Molecular Structure
Structural formulas of organic compounds
structural formula condensed formula line-angle formula

24. Draw the first two compounds in a bond-line formula
Draw the first two compounds in a bond-line formula. Draw the second two compounds in a condensed formula.

25. Draw the first two compounds in a bond-line formula
Draw the first two compounds in a bond-line formula. Draw the second two compounds in a condensed formula. Click on the arrow to check your answer.

26. Petroleum products
Petroleum products and the ranges of hydrocarbons in each product