1. SKELETAL MUSCLE LAB BIO 137 Anatomy & Physiology I

2. Muscle Attachments Origin Anchored, immovable end of muscle Insertion Moveable end of muscle During contraction, the insertion moves toward the origin

3. Radial tuberosity

4. MUSCLE ACTIONS

5. Types of Joint Movements Flexion Extension Dorsiflexion Plantar Flexion Hyperextension

6. Types of Joint Movements Abduction Adduction

8. Types of Joint Movements Rotation Circumduction Supination Pronation

10. Types of Joint Movements Eversion Inversion Protraction Retraction

11. Types of Joint Movements Elevation Depression

13. Skeletal Muscles Skeletal muscles usually function in groups Most movements use more than 1 muscle

14. Functional groups of muscles Prime mover (agonist) Muscle primarily responsible for the action of a movement Biceps brachii in elbow flexion Synergist Muscles that contract and assist the prime mover in an action Brachialis and brachioradialis in elbow flexion Antagonist Muscle that works opposite the prime mover Triceps brachii that works in the opposite direction as biceps brachii

15. IDENTIFYING SKELETAL MUSCLES

16. For each skeletal muscle studied Identify the muscle Locate the muscle in the body Name the action of the muscle

17. Muscles of Facial Expression Epicranius Frontalis Occipitalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Orbicularis oris Buccinator

18. Occipitalis Frontalis Orbicularis oculi Zygomaticus Orbicularis oris Buccinator

19. MUSCLES OF MASTICATION Masseter Temporalis Both elevate the mandible  Platysma  Lateral Pterygoid  Both depress the mandible

20. Masseter Temporalis Platysma

21. Lateral Pterygoid Depression of Mandible

22. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE HEAD Sternocleidomastoid

25. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE PECTORAL GIRDLE Trapezius Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Closely associated with those that move the arm

26. Trapezius

27. Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior

28. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE ARM (HUMERUS) Pectoralis major Deltoid Latissimus dorsi (dorsal)

29. Pectoralis major Deltoid

30. Latissimus dorsi

31. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachioradialis Triceps brachii

32. Biceps brachii Brachialis

33. Brachioradialis

35. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE HAND, WRIST, AND FINGERS Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum

36. Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi radialis Ventral View

37. Extensor digitorum

38. MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis

40. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH (FEMUR) Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Adductor longus Gracilis

41. Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius

42. Adductor longus Gracilis

43. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE LOWER LEG (TIBIA AND FIBULA) Hamstrings – knee flexion Quadriceps - knee extension Sartorius – flexion of hip and lateral rotation

44. Muscles that flex the knee and move the lower leg: Hamstrings Knee flexion Dorsal muscle group Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

45. Hamstrings: Knee Flexion Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris SemitendinosusSemimembranosus

46. Flexion of the leg at the hip and lateral rotation: Sartorius Sartorius

47. Muscles that extend the knee: Quadriceps Knee extension Ventral muscle group Made up of four muscles: Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius

48. Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Deep to other muscles

49. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOOT AND TOES Gastrocnemius Fibularis longus Tibialis anterior

50. Muscles that move the foot Dorsal flexion: Tibialis anterior Plantar flexion: Gastrocnemius Eversion: Fibularis longus Inversion: Tibialis anterior

51. Tibialis anterior Fibularis longus

52. Gastrocnemius