1. Overview of the Primary Dentition

2. Overview of the Primary Dentition

3. Overview of the Primary Dentition

4. Overview of the Primary Dentition

5. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Dental Formulas
Shorthand summary of teeth present
Maxillary quadrant/mandibular quadrant
Multiply by 2 for entire dentition

6. Examples of Dental Formulas
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Examples of Dental Formulas
Human permanent dentition
I 2/2 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3
Human primary dentition
I 2/2 C 1/1 M 2/2
Cats
I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1
Dogs
I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3

7. Numbering of Primary Teeth
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Numbering of Primary Teeth
Universal system:
A to T
Palmer: A to E by quadrant
FDI: 1st number
5– 8, second 1 to 5

8. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Dentition Periods
Primary dentition period: only primary teeth are present, 6 months to 6 years
Mixed dentition period: the primary teeth are being replaced by the permanent teeth, 6 to 12 years
Permanent dentition period: after the last primary tooth has exfoliated

9. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Dentition Periods
Primary
Mixed
Permanent

10. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Clinical question: Why is it important to maintain the health of the primary teeth?
Mastication of solid foods
Speech development
Esthetics and self-esteem
Space for eruption of permanent teeth
Health of the permanent teeth

11. Eruption of Permanent Teeth
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Eruption of Permanent Teeth
1st molars are first permanent teeth to erupt.
Referred to as
6 year molars
They erupt distal to primary dentition.

12. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Eruption Sequence
In general, mandibular teeth erupt before maxillary counterpart.
1st molars are first permanent teeth to erupt.
Central incisors are first SUCCEDANEOUS teeth to erupt.
Note the late eruption of the maxillary canine: may be impacted due to space loss.
Succedaneous teeth are permanent
teeth that replace primary teeth.
AB D C E
A B D CE

13. General Differences Between Primary and Permanent Teeth
Overview of the Primary Dentition
General Differences Between Primary and Permanent Teeth
Size: smaller in all dimensions.
Color: lighter in color.
Crowns: bulbous, wider mesiodistally, shorter incisocervically
CEJ: appears constricted
Roots: longer and more slender

14. Primary-Permanent Comparisons: Molars
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Primary-Permanent Comparisons: Molars

15. Primary – Permanent Comparisons: Differences in Internal Anatomy
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Primary – Permanent Comparisons: Differences in Internal Anatomy
Primary teeth have:
thinner enamel & dentin
relatively larger
pulp cavities
Pulp horns are closer to outer surface
Great variation in size & location
Form of pulp follows external anatomy
Usually a pulp horn under each cusp
**Mesial pulp horn is higher

16. Primary Posterior Teeth
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Primary Posterior Teeth
Short, bulbous crowns
Slender, flared roots
Short root trunk
Second molars >
first molars

17. Maxillary First Molar (Deciduous)
GROUP 6:
Celso, Anne R.
Flores, Joyce Anne G.
Jung, Young Min
Parmar, Asma
Ramirez, Jan Andre P.

18. Primary Maxillary Molars
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Primary Maxillary Molars
3 roots
1st resembles a maxillary premolar
2nd resembles a permanent maxillary 1st molar

19. Buccal Aspect DBR,MBR, and palatal root Slender and long Spread widely
Mesial half of the crown has a greater height
DBR,MBR, and palatal root
Slender and long
Spread widely

20. Buccal Aspect Distal root is shorter than Mesial root
Lingual root is positioned midway bet. the Bu roots

21. Buccal Aspect
Bifurcation of the roots begins almost immediately at the Cervical line
Little root trunk

22. Lingual Aspect Almost similar to buccal aspect MLC is prominent
DLC is poorly defined
DBC visible

23. Lingual Aspect All roots visible Li root is larger MD
Li surface is entirely made up one cusp
Slightly convex occlusocervically, but markedly convex MD

24. Occlusal Aspect MB, DB line angle are greater than ML,DL line angle
Mesial line angles are greater than Distal line angles
Crown converges lingually and distally
Occlusal surface is nearly rectangular
Has a center fossa and pit

25. Occlusal Aspect Has BG and LG Has a Mesial Triangular Fossa Mesial pit
No distal pit
Supplementary groove in the mesial pit

26. Mesial Aspect
Cervical width is much greater than occlusal due to a very promi- nent cervical ridge
Buccal outline is straight or slightly concave

27. Mesial Aspect Lingual outline is convex
ML cusp is longer and sharper than MB cusp
Cervical line is slightly curved toward occlusal

28. Mesial Aspect
Marginal ride is shorter and less prominent

29. Distal Aspect Smaller than mesial aspect MR is less prominent
Db cusp is longer and sharper than DL cusp

30. Distal Aspect Cervical line straight and slightly curved occlusally
Cervical ridge is not so prominent

32. Overview of the Primary Dentition

33. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Primary Maxillary Left First Molar

34. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Tooth 54

35. Overview of the Primary Dentition
MAXILLARY MOLARS
MAX 1st Molar
MAX 2nd Molar
BUCCAL
-little evidence of dev’t grooves
-looks like a PREMOLAR
-roots are slender,long, spread widely
Distal root shorter
-MBC DBC well defined, equal in size
-roots are slender and longer than MAX 1st molar
Lingual
-MLC most prominent
- MLC, DLC sometimes 5th cusp is seen.
Proximal
-DBC long and sharp
-DLC poorly developed
-typical molar outline
Occlusal
-Nearly RECTANGULAR
-RHOMBOIDAL

36. Primary Mandibular Molars
Overview of the Primary Dentition
Primary Mandibular Molars
2 roots
2nd resembles the mandibular 1st permanent molar
1st does not resemble any
other permanent or primary tooth!

37. Overview of the Primary Dentition

38. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Tooth 84

39. Overview of the Primary Dentition

40. Overview of the Primary Dentition
MANDIBULAR MOLARS
MAND 1ST Molar
MAND 2ND Molar
Buccal
2 Buccal cusps are distinct but looks like a fusion of two teeth
-similar to permanent
1st Molar
-3 cusp portion almost equal in size
Lingual
-MMR well dev’d might be mistaken for another cusp
- Li cusps equal in dimension
Proximal
-curvature of cervical line is distinct
-flat and evenly tapered
Occlusal
-Rhomboidal
-Rectangular

41. Overview of the Primary Dentition
Summary
Primary teeth have
Thinner enamel and dentin layers
Pulp horns closer to the outer surface
Mesial pulp horn much higher
Relatively large pulps
Enamel rods directed slightly occlusal in cervical area
More tortuous and irregular pulp canals

42. Overview of the Primary Dentition