1. ANATOMIC VARIANTS
COMMON ORAL LESIONS

2. ENLARGED LYMPH NODE Normally lymph nodes are not palpable
Enlargement most commonly due to
Allergy
Acute inflammation
Lymphoma
Leukemia
Metastasis

3. ACTINIC CHEILITIS Degenerative changes of the lips due to sun exposure
Premalignant lesion
Most commonly seen in people who spend lots of time outdoors

4. RECURRENT HERPES LABIALIS(COLD SORE)
A recurrent infection of herpes simplex that affects the lips and genetalia
Recurrences triggered by many factors(sun, stress, colds, trauma)
Lesions are infectious

5. COMMISSURAL LIP PITS
Small mucosal invaginations at the corners of the mouth
Most likely developmental defect
Found in 12 to 20% of the population

6. RACIAL PIGMENTATION Melanin deposition in any mucosal tissue
Most common on gingiva

7. MUCOCELE
Common lesion of oral mucosa(usually lower lip) that results from the rupture of and accessory salivary gland duct
Lesions will burst and may recur

8. APHTHOUS ULCER
Shallow painful ulcer(s) that occurs on non-keratinized unbound mucosa
Covered by yellow-white fibrinopurulent membrane encircled by an erythematous halo

9. LEUKOEDEMA Diffuse grayish-white milky appearance of the buccal mucosa
Appearance will disappear when cheek is everted and stretched
Most common in African-Americans

10. CHEEK BITING(MORSICATIO BUCCARUM)
Ragged, irregular white tissue of the buccal mucosa in the line of occlusion
May be ulcerated
Due to chewing or biting the cheeks
May also be seen on labial mucosa

11. LINEA ALBA A white line along the line of occlusion
Due to buildup of keratin as a result of frictional irritation(chewing, grinding)

12. TRAUMATIC FIBROMA
Firm, smooth surfaced, pink nodule similar in color to surrounding mucosa
Usually present in response to trauma
Usually present for long periods unchanged

13. AMALGAM TATOO
A blue or black area usually on the gingival ridge adjacent to a large restoration
Result of impregnation of amalgam fragment into the tissue

14. MAXILLARY TORUS(TORUS PALATINUS)
Common exostosis arising from the midline of the hard palate
May be single dome shaped or multilocular
Very common(20 – 35%)

15. MANDIBULAR TORUS(TORUS MANDUBULARIS)
Common exostosis that develops along the lingual aspect of the mandible in the region of the premolars
May occur as single or multiple
Occurs 5 – 40%

16. BIFID UVULA
Manifestation of an incomplete clefting of the palate

17. ANKYLOGLOSSIA Developmental anomally of the tongue
Short, thick lingual frenum attached at or near the tip of the tongue
Results in limited movement of tongue

18. SCALLOPED TONGUE Indentations along the lateral borders of the tongue
Indentations correspond to the teeth
Thought to be habitual pushing of tongue against teeth

19. TONGUE JEWELRY
Pierced tongue
Can affect the teeth and/or gingiva

20. GEOGRAPHIC TONGUE
Multiple well-demarcated zones of erythema in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Due to atrophy of filiform papillae
Found in 1-3% of population

21. LINGUAL VARICOSITIES
Enlarged, dilated bluish-purple blebs on the ventral surface of the tongue
Usually found in older adults(2/3 over 60)

22. LINGUAL TONSILS
Accessory tonsillar (lymphoid) tissue found on the lateral and dorsal posterior surface of the tongue

23. FISSURED TONGUE
Presence of grooves or fissures on the dorsum of the tongue
Severity varies
Usually asymptomatic

24. HAIRY TONGUE
Marked accumulation of keratin on the filiform papillae resulting in a “hair-like” appearance
Papillae may become stained