1. WIND POWER By: Saed Ghaffari HOW DO YOU CONVERT WIND INTO ELECTRICITY
Wind Speed Distributions
Wind Turbine Selection
Turbine Loading
Wind Noise
Wind Parks

2. HOW DO YOU CONVERT WIND INTO ELECTRICITY
• Modern wind energy systems consist of three basic components:
• Tower
• Rotor
• Nacelle
• Wind turbines are mounted on a tower to
capture the most energy.

3. HOW DO YOU CONVERT WIND INTO ELECTRICITY

4. HOW DO YOU CONVERT WIND INTO ELECTRICITY
• The wind turns the rotor, which turns the
generator to produce electricity.
• To maximize the power extracted, the nacelle, which connects the rotor to the tower and houses the generator, can be rotated into the direction of the wind.

5. Wind Speed Distributions
• It is very important to be able to describe the
variation of wind speeds.
• Turbine designers need the information to
optimize the design of their turbines, so as to
minimize generating costs.
• Turbine investors need the information to
estimate their income from electricity
generation.

6. Wind Speed Distributions

7. Wind Turbine Selection
• Rotor diameters may vary somewhat for a given power, because many manufacturers optimize their machines to local wind conditions.
• A larger generator requires more power

8. Wind Turbine Selection
• Reasons for Choosing Large Turbines
• There are economies of scale in wind turbines,
• Larger machines are particularly well suited for offshore wind power.

9. Wind Turbine Selection
• Reasons for Choosing Smaller Turbines
• Local electrical grids may be too weak to handle the output from a
large machine.
• This may be the case in remote parts of the electrical grid with low population density and little electricity consumption in the area.

10. Wind Turbine Selection
• There is less fluctuation in the electricity output from a wind park consisting of a number of smaller machines, since wind fluctuations occur randomly, and therefore tend to cancel out.
• Costs for large cranes and building adequate roads to carry the
turbine components may make smaller machines more economic in some areas.
• Several smaller machines spread the risk in case of temporary machine failure, e.g. due to lightning strikes.
• Aesthetical landscape considerations may sometimes dictate the use of smaller machines.

11. Horizontal Axis “HAWT”

12. Horizontal Axis “HAWT”

13. Turbine Loading • Rapid fluctuations in wind speed are called
turbulence and may increase the structural and
dynamic stresses on the wind turbine components.

14. Wind Parks
• Cities and countries need huge wind farms to satisfy their energy needs.

15. Wind Parks
• To optimize energy production in a wind farm, turbines are spread 5 – 9 rotor diameters apart in the prevailing wind direction and 3 – 5 rotor diameters apart in the perpendicular direction.

16. Wind Parks
Wind Park In Cyprus

17. Wind Parks
• As a rule of thumb, turbines in wind parks are usually spaced somewhere between 5 and 9 rotor diameters apart in the prevailing wind direction, and between 3 and 5 diameters apart in the direction perpendicular to the prevailing winds.

18. Thanks for Attention