1. THE AGE OF CONFUSION

2. Ongoing industrialization and WWI quickened the crumbling of the “Old Order” – it had staggered imaginations and left traditional values open to question New intellectual and artistic (and scientific, political…) trends sought to fill the void; since the “rules” had been smashed, experimentation became the norm… This created an atmosphere of relativism…many sought refuge in extremism… This process began before the war…

3. The theme of relativism extended into all parts of society, and Existentialism continued to be the driving force… –Life has no absolute meaning… –Individuals are accountable to themselves… –There is no god… –There is no absolute morality… –All that awaits us is the void (le neant)… –There are no rules  total freedom and experimentation… Jean –Paul Sartre – Huis Clos

5. Samuel Beckett – Waiting for Godot Theatre of the Absurd…

6. Eugene Ionesco – The Chairs

7. Freud… Psychoanalysis Id, Ego, Super Ego Oedipus Complex The Interpretation of Dreams Freudian slips… More confusion…

8. Surrealism James Joyce - Ulysses “Stream of Consciousness”

9. Salvador Dali: Soft Construction with Boiled Beans (Premonition of Civil War), 1936  Late 1920s-1940s.  Influenced by Freud’s theories on psychoanalysis and the subconscious.  Confusing & startling images like those in dreams.

11. Themes in Early Modern Art 1.Uncertainty/insecurity. 2.Disillusionment. 3.The subconscious. 4.Overt sexuality. 5.Violence & savagery.

12. Edvard Munch: The Scream (1893) Expressionism  Using bright colors to express a particular emotion.

13. Henri Matisse: Open Window (1905) Henri Matisse: Open Window (1905)  The use of intense colors in a violent, and uncontrolled way  “Wild Beast” = Fauvism

15. Gustav Klimt: Judith I (1901) Gustav Klimt: Judith I (1901) Secessionists  Disrupt the conservative values of Viennese society.  Obsessed with the self.  Man is a sexual being, leaning toward despair.

16. Gustav Klimt: The Kiss (1907-8)

17. Georges Braque: Violin & Candlestick (1910) CUBISM  The subject matter is broken down, analyzed, and reassembled in abstract form.  Cezanne  The artist should treat nature in terms of the cylinder, the sphere, and the cone.

18. Georges Braque: Woman with a Guitar (1913) Georges Braque: Woman with a Guitar (1913)

19. Wassily Kandinsky: On White II (1923)

20. Pablo Picasso: Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)

21. Pablo Picasso: Woman with a Flower (1932) Pablo Picasso: Woman with a Flower (1932)

22. George Grosz Grey Day (1921) George Grosz Grey Day (1921) DaDa  Ridiculed contemporary culture & traditional art forms.  The collapse during WW I of social and moral values.  Nihilistic.

23. Marcel Duchamp: Fountain (1917)

25. Walter Gropius: Bauhaus Building (1928) Bauhaus  A utopian quality.  Based on the ideals of simplified forms and unadorned functionalism.  The belief that the machine economy could deliver elegantly designed items for the masses.  Used techniques & materials employed especially in industrial fabrication & manufacture  steel, concrete, chrome, glass.

27. LeCorbusier

28. Frank Lloyd Wright

29. MUSIC…

30. FILM…