1. THE ORIGINS OF EUKARYOTIC DIVERSITY
CHAPTER 28
THE ORIGINS OF EUKARYOTIC DIVERSITY

2. Amoeba proteus unicellular protozoan

3. Diatom unicellular algae

4. A plasmodial slime mold

5. Bull Kelp a multicellular brown algae

6. The Kingdom Protista Problem
Several diverse lineages were combined to form the Protista making it a paraphyletic taxon

8. A model for the Origin of Eukaryotes including
the Endosymbiotic hypothesis

9. Secondary Endosymbiosis gives the algae their diversity
Studies of SSU-rRNA indicate that mitochondria evolved from ancestors of alpha proteobacteria and chloroplasts evolved form ancestors of cyanobacteria

10. Traditional hypothesis for how the Alternative hypothesis
three domains of life are related based on
based on proteins functioning in DNA sequences
transcription and translation

11. phylogeny of Eukaryotes
“Tentative”
phylogeny of Eukaryotes

12. A diplomonad-multiple flagella, two nuclei,
no plastids or mitochondria

13. Parabasalids-no mitochondria have an undulating membrane trichomonads

14. Euglenozoa Euglena

15. Euglenophyta Euglena

16. Kinectoplastids Trypanosoma
causes African Sleeping Sickness

17. Kinectoplastids a large organelle with DNA- Trichonympha- flagellated protozoan found in the gut of termites

18. Apicomplexa-Sporozoans
The two host life cycle of Plasmodium that causes malaria

19. A dinoflagellate-

20. A dinoflagellate-some are bioluminescent

21. A bioluminescent “angel” Dinoflagellata

22. Ciliophora
Ciliates

23. Stentor-uses cilia to
pull in food particles

25. Conjugation in paramecium

26. Conjugation in paramecium

27. Ciliated heterotrophic protozoan-Ciliophora

28. Oomycota water mold-life cycle -have large immobile eggs and small mobile sperm -have coenocytic hyphae

29. Release of zoospores by water mold Oomycota

30. Oomycota developing zygotes

31. Oomycota Water molds; Powdery Mildew

32. Bacillariophyta-Diatoms-silica-glass-like shell consist of two halves

33. Diatom-a unicellular alga-Bacillariophyta

34. Bacillariophyta-Diatoms- freshwater species that has just divided

35. Bacillariophyta-Diatoms

36. Bacillariophyta Diatoms

37. Chrysophyta-Golden Algae

38. Australian bull kelp-multicellular algae-Phaeophyta

39. Phaeophyta Brown Algae-largest algae;
fucoxanthin pigment; Air bladders

40. Phaeophyta Brown Algae

41. Phaeophyta Brown Algae

42. Phaeophyta Brown Algae Life Cycle with alternation of generations

43. Rhodophyta Red Algae-pigment phycobilins that absorb
blue light this allows them to grow at greatest depths

44. Rhodophyta Red Algae

45. Chlorophyta Green Algae-Volvox-a colonial algae

46. Chlorophyta Green Algae-Volvox-a colonial algae

47. Spirogyra conjugation
Chlorophyta
Spirogyra conjugation

48. Chlorophyta Green Algae-no crosswalls with multiple nuclei-coenocytic

49. Chlorophyta Green Algae- life of Chlamydomonas a unicellular algae

50. Chlorophyta Green Algae

51. Chlorophyta Green Algae

52. Chlorophyta Green Algae

53. Chlorophyta Green Algae Multicellular

54. Chlorophyta Green Algae

55. Mixed Seaweed

56. Hypothetical
history of plastids in eukaryotes

57. Chlorophyta Green Algae Spirogyra being
eaten by a heterotroph

58. Amoeba proteus-unicellular protozoan- Rhizopoda

59. Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia

60. Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia

61. Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia

62. Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia

63. Rhizopoda-amoebas

64. Actinopoda Heliozoan “sun animals” freshwater with stiff axopodia

65. Actinopoda Heliozoan

66. Actinopoda Radiolarian-marine with delicate silica shells

67. Actinopoda Radiolarian-shell

68. Foraminifera

69. Foraminifera-multichambered shells that contain calcium carbonate

70. Myxomycota Plasmodial slime mold-coenocytic

71. Life cycle of Myxomycota

72. Myxomycota Plasmodial slime mold-spore germinating

73. Myxomycota Plasmodial slime molds

74. cellular slime mold fruiting bodies
Acrasiomycota
cellular slime mold fruiting bodies

75. Acrasiomycota
cellular slime mold

76. Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold-spores

77. Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold forming fruiting bodies

78. Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold
forming fruiting bodies