1. 1 Psychology 320: Psychology of Gender and Sex Differences April 2 Lecture 63

2. 2 1. Paper: Topic due date: March 17 (Option A or B, 3-5 sentence summary; e-mail to your TA for approval). Paper due date: April 4 (note the extended due date). Questions? Reminders

3. 3 2. Please complete your evaluation for this course. Your evaluation will be anonymous and secure. 3 To date, 17% of students have completed the evaluation. (Goal: 60% completion rate!)

4. A little R&R …. (Review and Reflect) 4

5. 5 Exploitation, Oppression, and Violence 1.What forms of exploitation, oppression, and violence occur within and beyond Canada’s borders?

6. 6 2. discuss global efforts (“grass roots” and legal) to eliminate gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. 1. generate global examples of gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to:

7. 7 What forms of exploitation, oppression, and violence occur within and beyond Canada’s borders? What are some examples of gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence?

8. 8 Cameroon: Approximately one-quarter of girls and women have been subject to “breast ironing” (Tapscott, 2012). Afghanistan: 400 females are currently imprisoned for “moral crimes” (i.e., refusing marriage, fleeing spousal assault; BBC News, 2012).

9. 9 Breast Ironing

10. 10 Canada: Domestic sex trafficking of aboriginal females is an increasing problem (Arthur, 2009). With respect to international sex trafficking, RCMP estimates suggest that 600-800 individuals are smuggled into Canada each year (Arthur, 2009). 600,000-800,000 people are trafficked across international borders each year; conservative estimates indicate that 3 million females are currently enslaved in the sex trade (Kristof & WuDunn, 2009).

11. 11 China: The sex ratio is “abnormal”: Among children aged 0-4, there are 120 boys for every 100 girls. The high male-to-female ratio is the result of sex-selective abortion, female infanticide, and neglect of young girls (Banister, 2004).

12. 12 2. discuss global efforts (“grass roots” and legal) to eliminate gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. 1. generate global examples of gender-based exploitation, oppression, and violence. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to: