2. German Unification under Bismarck Otto von Bismarck Junker class-aristocrat- Prussian Nationalist Believed in Prussian power Unite German states under Prussian leadership-NOT Austrian Leader of Prussian politics –Prime Minister in 1862

3. Bismarck sets the tone of his Leadership Germany is not looking to Prussia’s liberalism but to her power.... The great questions of the day will not be decided by speeches and majority decisions-that was the mistake of 1848- 1849-but by Iron and Blood.

4. Bismarck works with Kaiser William I Trying to build up army- – Legislature controls $ – Bypasses them, builds up anyway – Uses army for unification Gets support of Germans – 8 Hr. work day – Pension @ 65 years old – Universal male suffrage Prussia before unification

5. Ousting the Austrians Must provoke Austria – Share responsibility of Schleswig-Hostein – OvB treats Austria bad to provoke them into war over regional control Negotiates to keep Russia, France, Italy out of conflict Seven Weeks War- – Beat Austrians, badly – Just wants Austria out Unites all of N. Germany

6. Final Unification France doesn’t want cousin to Kaiser as King of Spain OvB rewrites message to provoke war Both industrialized-ready OvB gets S. Germany (Bavaria) to side, then join, with Prussia Franco-Prussian War –Huge German victory –French Emperor is caught 1871 Declares German Empire