1. 20 th Century Social Movements Women Environment Handicapped

2. Women’s Movement Feminism: theory of political, social and economic equality of men and women – First used in 1895 when women recognized that they had a disadvantage in many aspects in society – As late as the 1970’s, many still held the belief that women should only work outside the home for a short period before turning their attention toward home and family

3. Women’s Movement Impact of the Civil Right Movement: Women applied the same techniques as were used in the fight for civil rights Gave women the legal tools to fight – 1964 Civil Rights Act – An amendment to the bill was added to fight gender discrimination – However, women quickly learned that their discrimination claims would not be taken seriously

4. Women’s Movement Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan -Described the cultural patterns that prevented women achieving their full potential NOW: National Organization for Women: -Goal was to bring into full participation in mainstream society -Sought equal pay and equal job opportunity as well as more balance in marriage & home

5. Women’s Movement Roe v. Wade (1973) -Made abortion legal within the first 3 months of pregnancy -Forced many states to change existing laws that outlawed the procedure -Decision based on constitutional right to personal privacy

6. Environmental Movement Rachel Carson: biologist who wanted to be a writer -Main theme in her works was that humans are part of nature and carried greater responsibility because they has power to change the environment -1962 Silent Spring most famous work attacking the use of pesticides including DDT

7. Disabled Americans Rehabilitation Act of 1973: prohibits discrimination in any federally funded program Education for all Handicapped Children of 1975: ensures free education for children with disabilities Mainstreaming: bring handicapped students out of isolation and into “mainstream” student life. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990: prohibits discrimination in public accommodation, transportation, government and communication.

8. Other Social Movements AIM: American Indian Movement  Focus on special problems of Indians in cities  Set up patrols to monitor street activity  Encouraged racial pride in young people  Fought for autonomy – self-government  Sought to restore lands that they lost

9. Ethnic Minority Groups Latino Americans – United Farm Workers – Organized by Cesar Chavez to improve working conditions for migrant farm workers – Created a union and forced a law that required collective bargaining between growers and farm workers