1. 7th Grade Cells Review

2. 1. Which life process involves producing energy?
Respiration
2. Explain the difference between locomotion and transport.
Locomotion involves moving the body or body parts. Transport involves moving materials inside the body/cell.
3. If you cannot make your own food you are known as a ____.
heterotroph
4. Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen while anaeroboc does not require oxygen.
5. Plants carry out ______ nutrition.
autotrophic

3. 6. Which life process involves cell division?
growth
7. Explain the difference between excretion and egestion.
Egestion involves the removal of undigested food, while excretion involves the removal of metabolic/cellular waste.
8. Control and coordination of all life processes is known as ____.
Regulation
9. What is homeostasis?
Maintaining a stable, internal environment.
10. Which life process involves the joining of smaller molecules to make one larger molecule?
Synthesis

4. 11. This organelle is shown in the picture.ER

5. 12. Robert Hooke examined a cell from this source under a microscope.
Cork

6. 13. This scientist was the first to view living cells under the microscope.
Leeuwenhoek

7. 14. What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory?
Cells are the basic unit of structure in all living things.
Cells are the basic unit of function in all living things.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.

8. 15. Explain one exception to the cell theory.
Viruses are not made up of cells.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA so they do not rely on the nucleus to reproduce.
The first cell could not have come from another cell.

9. 16. Living things contain units of structure and function that arise from preexisting units. This statement best describes the
cell theory.
2. lock-and-key model of enzymes.
3. concept of natural selection.
4. heterotroph hypothesis. 1

10. 3 17. Which statement is not a part of the cell theory?
(1) Cells are the basic unit of structure of living things.
(2) Cells are the basic unit of function of living things.
(3) Cell parts such as chloroplasts are self-replicating.
(4) Cells come from preexisting cells. 3

11. 18. Which statement explains why viruses are exceptions to the cell theory?
They contain genetic material.
They are not made up of cells.
They reproduce by mitosis.
They are surrounded by a protein coat. 2

12. 19. Give the cell organelle that performs each function.
a. Transport materials throughout the cell
b. Protein production
c. Digests food
d. Regulates what enters and leaves the cell
e. Produces energy
endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
lysosomes
cell membrane
mitochondria

13. f. Controls all cell activities g. Holds cell organelles
h. Site of photosynthesis
i. Used in cell division
j. Gives plant cell shape and support
k. Stores materials
nucleus
cytoplasm
chloroplasts
centrioles
cell wall
vacuoles

14. 20. Identify all the organelles labeled and give the function of each.
Nucleus: controls all cell activities
Vacuole: stores materials
Ribosome: produces proteins
Mitochondria: produces energy
Cell membrane: controls what enters and leaves the cell

15. a. What type of cell is represented?
21.
a. What type of cell is represented?
b. What is structure B? What is the function of this structure?
c. What is the function of structure C?
d. Explain how structure A maintains homeostasis within the cell?
Animal cell
Nucleus – controls all cell activities
Stores materials
It controls what enters and exits the cell.

16. 22. Identify the structures labeled and the function of each.
1- nucleus: controls all cell activities
2 – nucleolus: produces ribosomes
3 – cell membrane: controls what enters and exits the cell
4 – cytoplasm: holds cell organelles
5 – cell wall: keeps plant cells rigid and supports plant cell
6 – vacuole: stores materials
7 - chloroplast: site of photosynthesis

17. 23. One difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells do not have
a nucleus   
chloroplasts
a cell membrane
centrioles 2

18. 24. Which structure permits the entry and exit of materials in an animal cell?
(1.) lysosome
(2.) chromosome
(3.) cell wall
(4.) cell membrane 4

19. 25. The structure most closely associated with the destruction of worn out cell organelles is the
(1.) lysosome
(2.) centrosome
(3.) vacuole
(4.) chromosome 1

20. 4 26. Which is found in the nucleus? (1.) ribosome (2.) vacuole
(3.) lysosome 
(4.) chromosome 4

21. 27. The rigidity (support) of a plant cell is due primarily to the presence of the
chloroplasts
(2) centrosomes
(3) cell membrane
(4) cell wall 4

22. 28. Whitney observes a cell under the microscope
28. Whitney observes a cell under the microscope. She identifies it as a green plant cell and not a cheek cell because of a
(1.) nucleus
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) chloroplast
(4.) mitochondrion 3

23. 29. While viewing a slide of rapidly moving sperm cells, a student concludes that these cells require a large amount of energy to maintain their activity. The organelles that most directly provide this energy are known as 
(1) vacuoles (2) chloroplasts
(3) ribosomes (4) mitochondria 4

24. 3 30. Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells? (1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) chloroplasts 3

25. 31. The organelle most closely associated with the manufacture of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) nucleolus
(3.) cell wall
(4.) cell membrane 1

26. a. What is this structure called?
32.
a. What is this structure called?
b. In what kind of cell is this structure found?
c. What process occurs in this structure?
chloroplast
Plant cell
Photosynthesis

27. a. What is this structure called?
33.
a. What is this structure called?
b. What is the function of this organelle?
c. In what kind of cells would you find this organelle?
mitochondria
Produces energy (ATP)
Both animal and plant celld

28. 34. Label the animal cell below.
Vacuole ER
mitochondria
Cell membrane

29. 35. Identify the organelle being described.
a. Gives plant cells firm regular shape.
Cell wall
b. Site of protein manufacture.
ribosomes
c. Keeps cell contents separate from external environment.
Cell membrane
d. Strong substance that makes up cell walls.
cellulose
e. Substance produced by ribosomes.
proteins
f. Power-house of the cell.
mitochondria

30. 36. ER Nuclear pores nucleolus Nuclear membrane Golgi bodies
centrioles
Vacuole
cytoplasm
mitochondria
Cell membrane

31. 37. 1
38. 4

32. 39. 3

33. 40. Label the organelles: mitochondria Nuclear membrane mitochondria
Cytoplasm
centriole
lysosome
vacuole
mitochondria
ER/ribosomes ER
Cell membrane
Golgi bodies

34. 41.
Plant cells contain a cell wall and chloroplast while animal cells do not.

35. 42. 4

36. 43.
nucleus
chloroplast
Cell wall

37. 44.
Cell wall
chloroplast
DNA or chromosomes

38. 45. 1
46. 3

39. 47.
nucleus
Cell wall & chloroplasts

40. 48.
Cell membrane, cytoplasm
Nucleus, vacuole
chloroplast
nucleus

41. 49. 3

42. 50. 4

43. 51. Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex? (1) cells, tissues, organs, organ systems  (2) tissues, organisms, cells, organ systems (3) cells, tissues, organ systems, organs (4) organs, organisms, organ systems, cells 1

44. 52. Explain two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain a nucleus while eukaryotic cells do.
Prokaryotic cells do not contain cell organelles while eukaryotic cells do.
DNA in prokaryotic cells is found in the cytoplasm while the DNA in eukaryotic cells is found in the nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells do.

45. 53. Give an example of a prokaryotic cell.
54. Give an example of a eukaryotic cell.
Bacteria or blue green algae
Paramecia, ameba, algae, animal and plant cells

46. 55. 2
56. 1

47. 57. 4
58. 2

48. 59. 3

49. 60. 3

50. 1 61. The breakdown of organic compounds to produce ATP is known as
cellular respiration
transpiration         
active transport                    
photosynthesis 1

51. 62. An important molecule generated by both lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation is
ATP    
(2) CO2      
(3) CO2    
(4) H2O 1

52. 63. C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO H2O + X
a. What is the name of the process represented above?
b. Where does this process occur?
c. What molecule does X represent?
d. How many ATP are produced?
e. What materials are needed for this process to occur?
f. What are the products of this reaction?
Aerobic respiration
mitochondria
ATP
36 ATP
Glucose and oxygen
ATP, carbon dioxide, water

53. 64. Aerobic respiration and fermentation are similar in that both processes
(1.) require oxygen
(2.) utilize light energy
(3.) release energy
(4.) produce carbohydrates 3

54. 65. When muscles are exercised extensively in the absence of sufficient oxygen,
lactic acid is produced                 
a large amount of ATP is formed
NADH molecules split             
oxidative respiration occurs 1

55. 2 66. Yeast produce alcohol and CO2 in the process of
lactic acid fermentation                  
alcoholic fermentation
aerobic respiration                    
glycolysis 2

56. 3 67. In the presence of oxygen, _____ molecules of ATP can be formed.
2       (2) 19        
(3) 36          (4) 63 3

57. 3 68. An end product of alcoholic fermentation is glucose (2) oxygen
(3) carbon dioxide      
(4) lactic acid 3

58. 69. The life function of transport in an organism directly involves those activities used to:
absorb and distribute materials
obtain and break down materials
release energy from food
produce cellular waste products 1

59. a. What type of transport does this picture represent?
70.
a. What type of transport does this picture represent?
b. Explain your answer.
Active transport
Substances are moving from a LOW to HIGH concentration.

60. 71. The diagram above shows the same type of molecule in area A and area B. With the  passage of time, some molecules move from area A to area B. Identify the name of this process. Support your answer.
It is diffusion/passive transport because the molecules are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (with the concentration gradient).

61. 72. The diagram above shows the same type of molecule in area A and area B. Identify the name of this process if some molecules move from area B to area A. Support your answer.
It is active transport because the molecules are moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration (against the concentration gradient).

62. 73. The movement of materials from higher to lower concentration is called 
(1.) diffusion 
(2.) active transport 
(3.) pinocytosis
(4.) phagocytosis 1

63. 74. The movement of materials from lower to higher concentration requiring energy is called 
(2.) diffusion 
(3.) active transport
(4.) cell division 3

64. 75. Diffusion is a term for the movement of molecules from (1) an area of low concentration to a high concentration        
(2) an adjacent area to a gradient area (3) an area of high concentration to a low concentration         
(4) a nucleus to the mitochondria 3

65. 76. 3