1. Nutrients and Survival

2. Proteins Help build, repair and replace body cells. Important for growth and building muscles! Are made + built from amino acids. Essential amino acids can’t be made by our body. We have to get them from food. An enzyme is a protein. What are some foods high in Protein??

3. Carbohydrates A very important energy source. Simple carbohydrates, or sugars (glucose, fructose) – They break down easily, and give us energy right away. Complex carbohydrates, like starch (chains of sugar molecules) and fiber (from plant cell walls). We can’t digest fiber, but it’s good for your digestive system.

4. Vitamins Help with growth and body functions. – E.x. Vitamin A, in carrots, helps with vision. Some vitamins only dissolve in water, – e.x. Vitamin C in fruit Some only dissolve in fat or oil, – e.x. Vitamin D, which is added to milk.

5. Minerals Nutrients with no Carbon. They are inorganic (NOT organic) molecules. – E.x. Calcium  strong bones and teeth – Iron  part of red blood cells; carries oxygen through our bodies – Phosphorus  Strengthens bones and teeth, helps muscles contract, and stores energy. – Sodium  helps our body store water.

6. What nutrient is this person missing? Soft, fragile bones…

7. Without calcium, our bones become frail and soft. This condition is called Rickets. Vitamin D and Calcium work together. – Vitamin D helps bring the calcium to our bones. – Without vitamin D, the calcium goes through our bodies. – Milk has lots of calcium; today, Vitamin D is added to milk to help our bodies USE that calcium!

8. Fats (lipids) Protect cells and organs, like the fat on your stomach, and help keep you warm. Provide lots of energy! Help your body absorb some vitamins, e.x. Vitamin D. Without Vitamin D, we can’t absorb calcium. Without enough calcium…… Rickets! (previous picture)

9. Water – the 2 nd most important factor for human survival Most nutrients dissolve in water. Our body is over 60% water; our blood is over 80% water! Without water, we’d dry up and die very quickly. – We can live for weeks without food, but not much more than 3 days without water. – The only thing more important than water is Oxygen!

10. Survival Activity – Choose 2: Write a survival journal for 1 scenario. Draw a comic for another. Pirates  Out at sea for 3 months. No ice, no fridge. A big problem = Scurvey (no Vitamin C)! – Supplies: Fishing net (breaks after 1 month), fresh fruit (rotten in 2 weeks), bread (lots!), sun. Desert  Wander the desert for 3 weeks; you run out of water after 2 weeks! – Supplies: Shovel, tent, condensation, cactus. Arctic  Your plane crashes… You’ve got 1 month before anyone finds you. – Supplies: Scrap metal from the plane, fire, a rifle.