1. EARLY CIVILISATIONS

2. BIRTH 6000 B.C. EUPHRATES AND TIGRIS MESOPOTAMIA NILE EGYPT

3. MESOPOTAMIA UPPER MESOPOTAMIA (NORTH) LOWER MESOPOTAMIA (SOUTH) FERTILITY OF ITS LANDS MADE PEOPLE SETTLE THERE AND BUILT CITY STATES.

4. MESOPOTAMIA Assyria (assyrians) NORTH AKKAD (AKKADIANS) CENTER SUMER (SUMERIANS) SOUTH

5. history Sumerians 3500 BC Akkadians Sargon I of Akkad. 3500BC 1950 BC Babylonians Nomadic tribes Unified the country. (Hammurabi). 1950 BC Assyrians (Ashurbanipal) Again Babylonians: 625 BC Neo Babylonian Empire (Nebuchadnezzar II ) 539 BC Persians King Cirus II named it Mesopotamia 331 BC Greeks (Alexander the Great)

6. ECONOMY Arable crops (cereals) Livestock Craftwork Trade

7. SOCIETY KING The ruling Caste Other free people slaves

8. religion An God of the Sky and father of the gods Enlil GOD OF THE AIR AND STORMS Ishtar Goddess of love Enki God of wisdom Believed in gods Life after death Magic and Divination

9. Arts & sciences Libraries Literary works: epic poems Mathematical operations (without zero) Astronomy: eclipses, revolution, lunar Calendar. Medicine: medical instruments,diagnosis For illnesses

10. Architecture and art Buildings : made of adobe; sometimes marble or alabaster. Semicircular arches and vaults. Palace of Shapur I Temples

11. Ziggurat Sculpture Statue Relief