1. Urine Collection and Handling for PNG

2. General Instructions The laboratorian will collect urine specimens from the women involved in the study (the eligible women in every other household).

3. Urine Collection Process Give the woman a sterile, pre-labeled urine cup and the following instructions: First, hands should be washed with soap & water. The cup should not be opened until just before urinating. The cap should be turned upward while urinating, & then immediately placed back onto the cup and tightened. It is most important that the inside of the cup & the cap not be touched or come into contact with any parts of the body, clothing, or external surfaces. Exposure to air should be minimized.

4. Urine Collection Process Once she has filled the cup, equal volumes (at least 1.5 mL) are to be pipetted into 2 labeled cryovials. Make sure they are not overfilled and screw caps on tightly. Discard pipette into the biohazard bag.

5. Place the filled cryovials into the tube box (in numerical order) and place a rubber band around the box before putting it into the backpack. Ask the woman to dispose of the remaining urine and have her place the cup into the biohazard bag. Urine Collection Process

6. Salt Collection 15 grams of salt that is used in the household for cooking and seasoning will be collected by the interviewer once interviews and anthropometric measurements have been completed. It will be tested for iodine. A container of iodized salt will be left in the household to replace the salt that was taken.