1. Introduction to Plant Science

2. Horticulture Word first used in 1600’s Comes from two Latin words
Hortus “Garden”
Cultura “Cultivation”
Horticulture means “cultivated garden” or “culture of garden plants”
NOW MANY more “branches”…. TPS

3. Life Sciences
Biology is the branch of science that deals with both plant and animal organisms and life processes.
Zoology is the part of biology that deals with animals.
Botany is the part of biology that deals with plants.

4. Horticulture
The science and practice of growing, processing and marketing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.

5. Agronomy
The science and practice of growing field crops such as cotton, wheat, tobacco, corn and soybeans.

6. Branches of Horticulture
Olericulture
Study and growing of vegetables
Pomology
Study and growing of fruits and nuts
Viticulture – Producing grapes and grape products

7. Branches of Horticulture
Viticulture
The growing and study of grapes or vines.
Floriculture
The growing and study of flowers.

8. Branches of Horticulture
Greenhouse Management
The growing and study of plants in greenhouses.
Turfgrass Management
The growing and study of turfgrasses. This includes home, municipal, and commercial lawns; sports turf maintenance; highway rights-of-way; and seed and sod production.

9. Branches of Horticulture
Nursery Management
The growing and study of trees and shrubs that are produced primarily for landscape purposes.
Arboriculture
The growing and study of trees.
Known as silviculture in forestry.
Synonymous with urban forestry.

10. Branches of Horticulture
Landscape Horticulture
The application of design and horticultural principles to placement and care of plants in the landscape.
Interiorscaping
The application of design and horticultural principles to placement and care of plants in indoor environments.

11. Branches of Horticulture
Horticultural Therapy
The use of horticultural plants and methods as therapeutic tools with disabled and disadvantaged people.

12. Discuss with the people around you which branch of horticulture would be the best fit for you and why – be able to provide evidence to prove your point
Discuss expectations for discussion during this time, expectations for providing reasoning (3-5 evidence pieces and compare/contrast to other alternatives) and that careers in horticulture are varied and wide and we will come back to them often.

13. What is the history of taxonomic classification?
Taxonomy is the science of identifying and naming organisms
A. The Greeks made the first attempts at taxonomy nearly 2,000 years ago, but their efforts were limited, with no definite system of naming living things.

14. Why are plants classified and named?
Some plants have more than one common name
Ex: Snake Plant, Mother in Laws Tongue
Some common names refer to more than one plant
Ex: Ivy
Easier for all people to identify
and recognize

15. Binomial System of Naming Plants
Traditional scientific names were too long… ex: cat nip = Nepeta floribus interrupte spicatis pedunculatis
Famous Swedish Botanist, Linnaeus simplified this by developing binomial (two name) system.
Two Latin names = scientific name
ex: cat nip = Nepeta cataria

16. Saintpaulia Ionantha ‘Elisabeth’

17. What is the history of taxonomic classification?
Binomial Name (Scientific Name)
The first name (the genus) is always capitalized, while the second name (the species) is never capitalized.
Both names should be italicized
In 1969, scientist Robert Whittaker proposed five kingdoms into which all living organisms could be classified. Still in use today.

18. Taxonomic Classification
Taxonomic classification is considered hierarchical. Works from the top down or from the bottom up.
Kingdom
Division (phylum)
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

19. Activity
With a partner develop a acronym or saying to help you remember the taxonomical classification levels.
Write your final version in your note and on the colored piece of paper.
We will share with the class.

20. Taxonomic Classification
Taxonomic classification is considered hierarchical. Works from the top down or from the bottom up.
Kingdom
Division (phylum)
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

21. Morphology
Classification is based largely on morphology, which is the study of the internal and external appearance of an organism.
In the case of plants, the structure of flowers and fruit (and to some extent leaves, buds, roots, and stems) is considered.

23. Dichotomous Key
Taxonomic keys are useful in separating dissimilar organisms for the purpose of identification. They are based on plant structures.
One such key, a dichotomous key, is a written set of choices that leads to the name of a plant.

27. Activity
With a partner create a Dichotomous Key for any set of unknown items.
Remember to start with most obvious choices and work down to more specific
Only TWO options per “line”
Can be any item (classmates, locker items, dairy cattle breeds, northwoods baseball teams, etc.)
We peer check the keys for accuracy.