1. Situational Awareness Capt. P. Ryan Passarelli, RN FN

3. “Lacking or inadequate situation awareness has been identified as one of the primary factors in accidents attributed to human error.” “Lacking or inadequate situation awareness has been identified as one of the primary factors in accidents attributed to human error.” Hartel, Smith, & Prince, 1991; Merket, Bergondy, & Cuevas- Mesa, 1997; Nullmeyer, Stella, Montijo, & Harden, 2005

4. Wikipedia Definition Situation awareness is the perception of environmental elements with respect to time and/or space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status after some variable has changed, such as time. Situation awareness is the perception of environmental elements with respect to time and/or space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status after some variable has changed, such as time.

5. Three Critical Elements - Perception - Perception - Understanding - Projection

6. Perception What’s there? What’s there? What’s happening? What’s happening?

7. Understanding What does it mean? What does it mean? What’s different/similar? What’s different/similar? How do elements affect each other? How do elements affect each other?

8. Projection What’s going to happen next? What’s going to happen next? What can be changed? What can be changed? What can be avoided? What can be avoided?

9. Why SA is Important Controlling the outcome is how you stay safe.

10. “Active” Situational Awareness Don’t be distracted. Don’t be distracted. Look around. Look around. Pay attention. Pay attention. Evaluate critically. Evaluate critically. Be involved. Be involved. Affect the eventAffect the event Leave the settingLeave the setting

11. “Passive” Situational Awareness Safe or unchanging environment. Safe or unchanging environment. Be aware. Be aware. Don’t limit yourselfDon’t limit yourself Trust your instinctsTrust your instincts Become “Active” if something changes. Become “Active” if something changes.

12. Summary See what’s happening or about to happen. Control it or avoid it.

13. Questions?