1. 1660-1798

2. Charles the II is restored to the throne after his exile while Cromwell and the Parliament were in control. HISTORICAL EVENTS

3. The Glorious Revolution: James II takes throne but is unpopular. Charles II’s daughter Mary and husband William take the throne. 1689 Bill of Rights helps England have a representative government. HISTORICAL EVENTS

4. James II’s daughter Anne takes the throne next. She was the last Stuart to rule. Parliament passed the Act of Settlement that said James I’s Protestant relatives would be the line to rule in the future, barring Catholics from rule. HISTORICAL EVENTS

5. Scotland and England join to form the kingdom of Great Britain. A line of unsatisfactory monarchs followed. HISTORICAL EVENTS

6. The Plague kills around 70,000 people in 1665 LIFE OF THE TIME

7. The Great Fire of 1666 destroys 13,000 houses & 88 churches in only 4 days. 4/5ths of the walled section of the city was destroyed. LIFE OF THE TIME

8. The Industrial Revolution creates a new social class of “capitalists.” LIFE OF THE TIME

9. Sir Isaac Newton discovers laws of gravity, motion, and calculus. GREAT DISCOVERIES

10. James Hargreaves invented the spinning jenny, which allowed people to spin several threads at once. GREAT DISCOVERIES

11. James Watt invented the steam engine, which created mechanical energy. GREAT DISCOVERIES

12. Women wore lighter colors and materials but still had huge billowing dresses. Men wore casaques, which were capes that could button into a coat. French King Louis XIV makes wigs popular for both men and women. Wigs were often huge, expensive, and elaborate. POPULAR PRACTICES

13. Food prices were so high that riots, often made of angry wives, broke out. Records indicate the poor people invented toast because their homes were too cold to spread butter on plain bread. Having one’s portrait painted was very popular. For amusement, people spent time in elaborate gardens, gambling or enjoying the resort in Bath, watching puppet shows, animal-baiting, and prize-fighting. LIFE OF THE TIME

14. Novels become very popular after the successful release of Robinson Crusoe. The first newspaper in England starts, and periodicals become very popular. Current events and social gossip were best sellers. Writing diaries was in style, so many people recorded the daily events of their lives. LITERATURE

15. Known as the “Age of Reason,” writing switches from imaginative poetry to philosophical prose on reason and rational thought. Wit and satire are popular literary elements. LITERATURE

16. Glencoe Literature: British Literature by Glencoe McGraw-Hill Images: http://timemarcheson.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/kc2.jpg http://www.andrewcusack.com/kingjamesii1.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Mary_II_after_William_Wissing.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Great_Britain.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/GodfreyKneller-IsaacNewton-1689.jpg http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Antisell-HandbookOfTheUsefulArts/109-Spinning-Jenny-q75-500x296.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Racine_high- speed_steam_engine_(New_Catechism_of_the_Steam_Engine,_1904).jpg http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large/plague-leiden-1574-granger.jpg http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/greatfire.jpg http://forquignon.com/history/global/industrial_revolution/factory_town.jpg INFO

17. Essay Formal Personal/Informal Understatement Hyperbole 7 Major Romantic Principles Sublime Epistolary Novel Gothic Novel Historical Novel Novel of Manners KEY TERMS