1. World Biology Championship Genetics: Classical Genetics Cell Cycle Molecular Genetics 21 November 2011

2. Rules of the Game You have been assigned to a team of 3-5 people and will be asked to sit in a row. A question will flash on the board and you will have 45 seconds to work the problem on your individual whiteboard. At the end of the time, the teacher will call a number between 1 and 5. The person in each group with the number called will raise his/her board. Each group with the correct answer will receive one point for their group.

3. The Spoils of Winning The victorious group will receive: Bonus points on the Classical Genetics Unit Exam A group photograph on the World Bio Championship wall of winners Bragging rights until the next installment of the W.B.C. A mystery prize

4. Ready...Set...Go!

5. Question # 1 Which two structures in a human would be most likely to have the same chromosome number? a. skin cell and egg cell b. heart cell and fertilized egg cell c. liver cell and a sperm cell d. zygote and a sperm cell

6. Question # 2 Mrs. Stefano has freckles (r) but her husband, George does not (RR). Which of these is the predicted ratio of children with no freckles to the children with freckles? a. 1 : 3 b. 2 : 2 c. 3 : 1 d. 4 : 0

7. Question # 3 Which of the following best describes the result of a mutation in an organism’s DNA? a. mutations may produce new organisms b. mutations cause changes in traits c. mutations cause damage to organisms d. mutations cause the production of zygotes

8. Question # 4 When DNA from one organism is inserted into a DNA sequence from another organism, it can be referred to as a. fertilization b. recombinant DNA c. cloning d. transcription

9. Question # 5 Which of the following shows the complementary mRNA strand for the following DNA sequence: GAA TAT CGA? a. CTT ATA GCT b. GAA TAT CGA c. CUU AUA GCU d. CUU AUA CGA

10. Question # 6 In horses, the allele for straight hair (B) is dominant to the allele for curly hair (b). Which of the sets of parents can produce offspring with curly hair? heterozygous female with straight hair and a homozygous male with straight hair homozygous female with curly hair and homozygous male with straight hair heterozygous female with straight hair and a heterozygous male with straight hair homozygous female with straight hair and heterozygous male with straight hair

11. Question # 7 Which of the following would result in the expression of a recessive trait? a. an individual homozygous dominant for trait b. a heterozygote c. an individual with two recessive alleles d.

12. Question # 8 If individual III-4 marries a man heterozygous for the trait, what is the probability of having a child that has the trait? 0 % 25 % 50 % 75 %

13. Question # 9 What are the stages of mitosis in order?

14. Question # 10 In humans colorblindness (b) is an example of a sex-linked recessive trait. In this problem, a male with colorblindness marries a female who is not colorblind but carries the (b) allele. Using a Punnett square, determine the percent of offspring that will be colorblind.

15. Question # 11 After an egg cell containing 28 chromosomes is fertilized, how many chromosomes will be present in the zygote? a. 14 b. 28 c. 56 d. 112

16. Question # 12 Cotton plants produce seeds that contain high-quality protein. This protein could be used as a food source except that the seeds are poisonous to humans. Recently, scientists have inserted a section of DNA into the cotton plants that makes the cotton seeds nonpoisonous. The technique for this procedure is known as a. Meiosis b. Fertilization c. Gene Splicing d. DNA Fingerprinting

17. Question # 13 In beagles, the allele for brown fur (F) is codominant to the allele for white fur (f). If a heterozygous beagle is crossed with a white furred beagle, what will be the percentage of offspring with brown fur? a. 75 % b. 50 % c. 25 % d. 0 %

18. Question # 14 1. Which of these statements best explains how genes and proteins are related? a. Genes are segments of DNA that code for proteins. b. Proteins are segments of DNA that code for genes. c. Genes are the building blocks of proteins. d. Proteins are the building blocks of genes.

19. Question # 15 Which of the following DNA strands will code for the amino acid sequence shown below? glycine-serine-glycine (gly-ser-gly) a. ACT-CCT-TCT b. CCG-TCG-ACT c. CCT-CCG-TCG d. CCT-TCG-CCT

20. Question # 16 If individuals II-1 and II-2 had another child together, what is the probability that it would have the trait in question?

21. Question # 17 Which of these represents the number of chromosomes in a cell undergoing mitosis both before and after the process? a. 2n --> 2n b. 2n --> n c. n --> 2n d. n --> n

22. Question # 18 Which mutation in a fruit fly could be passed on to its offspring? a. a mutation in a cell of an eye that changes the color of the eye b. a mutation in a leg cell that causes the leg to be shorter c. a mutation in a sperm cell that changes the shape of the wing d. a mutation in a cell of the digestive tract that produces a different enzyme

23. Question # 19 Humans have 46 chromosomes in each body cell. If a human cell undergoes meiosis, how many chromosomes should be in each resulting cell? a. 92 b. 46 c. 23 d. 12

24. Question # 20 A cellular process uses a strand of genetic material to produce a new strand. Parts of the strands are shown below. Original Strand ATT CAG New Strand UAA GUC This new strand will most likely be used for a. gene splicing b. DNA synthesis c. crossing over d. protein synthesis

25. That’s all folks!