2. Birds By: Aditya Mistry

3. Origin Scientists theorize that birds originated from dinosaurs. Archaeopteryx: first fossilized birdlike dinosaur found Had reptilian skeleton and birdlike feathers

4. Basic Characteristics Warm-blooded Vertebrate Has feathers Lays eggs Two legs Beak instead of teeth

5. Adaptations for Flight Bones are nearly hollow Large chest muscles that move the wings Several types of feathers

6. Types of Feathers and their Functions Contour: give shape to bird’s body. Flight feathers help the bird fly and glide in the air. They all have hooks and barbs that lock air. Down: trap heat and keep bird warm; very flexible

7. Circulation & Respiration System of air sacs connected to lungs Enable birds to get more oxygen Four-chambered heart ( very similar to humans’) O 2 -rich blood and O 2 - poor blood don’t mix.

8. Food and Digestion Grip food using bills Beak shape tells what kind of food they eat. Crop: a digestive organ that stores food in the body Two-part stomach Gizzard: 2 nd part of the stomach, grinds food

9. Keeping Conditions Stable Eat a lot Use down feathers to keep warm Use air as an insulator

10. Reproduction and Parental Care Lay eggs Harder shells than reptiles Mostly lay eggs in a nest Parent usually incubates eggs Chicks may be totally dependant or be already adapted for their surroundings

11. Interesting Facts Fastest Flyer: Peregrine Falcon (124-168 mph) Largest Bird: North African Ostrich (up to 9 feet tall) Smallest Bird: Bee Hummingbird (about 2.75 inches long) Greatest Migrator: Common Tern (125 miles per day) Deepest Diver: Emperor Penguin (540 meters deep)

12. The End!!! Thank you for listening!!!!