1. Complimentary materials
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Complimentary materials
Wood with Sirex wood wasp damage
Wood with other wood wasp damage (if we can find this at U of MN).
Adult and larval Sirex wood wasps
Adult non-target wood wasps
Wood with pine sawyer damage
Adult and larval pine sawyers

2. Wood wasps / Horntails 1 to 1.5 inches long
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Wood wasps / Horntails
Schiff et al. 2006
1 to 1.5 inches long
“Horn tail” and lack narrow “waist”
23 species in US and Canada
2 on hardwood, on softwood
19 native, 4 exotic

3. Which insect is a wood wasp?
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Which insect is a wood wasp?
Turning point
N. Wright, FDACS, Bugwood.org
F. & K. Starr, U.S. GS, Bugwood.org
G. Alpert, Harvard Univ., Bugwood.org

4. The Sirex Woodwasp ● 1 to 1.5 inches long
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
The Sirex Woodwasp
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra
The Female
The Male
● 1 to 1.5 inches long
● Dark metallic blue-black body
● Legs reddish-yellow, feet black
● Antennae entirely black
Similar to females, but…
● Middle portion of abdomen
orange
● Hind legs black

5. K. E. Zylstra

6. Which insect is the Sirex wood wasp?
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Which insect is the Sirex wood wasp?
N.Wright, FDACS, Bugwood.org
Turning point
PDIL, Bugwood.org
PDIL, Bugwood.org

7. The Larva ● Creamy white ● Legless ● Dark spine at tip of abdomen
K. E. Zylstra
The Larva
K. E. Zylstra
● Creamy white
● Legless
● Dark spine at tip of abdomen

8. D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Siricids are commonly referred to as horntails because of their cornus on the posterior end
Currently, there is no morphological key for siricid larvae and a molecular key is being developed by the USFS.
K. E. Zylstra

9. Which larva is a wood wasp?
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Which larva is a wood wasp?
D. Cappaert, MI State Univ., Bugwood.org
H. Pase III, Texas F.S., Bugwood.org
Turning point
S. Kinelski, , Bugwood.org

10. Finely packed frass in the tunnel
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
K. E. Zylstra
When you cut through the tree sometimes you can see where you cut through a gallery
K. E. Zylstra
Finely packed frass in the tunnel

11. Larval Galleries
K. E. Zylstra

12. K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra
Larval galleries

13. Adult male chewing his way out…
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Adult male chewing his way out…
K. E. Zylstra

14. Symptoms of Attack Resin beads Browning/thinning crown
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Symptoms of Attack
Resin beads
Browning/thinning crown
Woodpecker damage
Exit holes
***The Sirex wood wasp can attack living trees, while native wood wasps attack dead or dying trees***

15. Resin Beads Look Different On Different Pine Species…
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Resin Beads Look Different On Different Pine Species…
Red Pine
Scots Pine
White Pine
Resin beads
K. E. Zylstra

16. Infested Scots Pine K. E. Zylstra K. E. Zylstra
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Infested Scots Pine
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra

17. Infested Red Pine K. E. Zylstra K. E. Zylstra
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Infested Red Pine
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra

18. Infested White Pine K. E. Zylstra K. E. Zylstra
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Infested White Pine
K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra

19. K. E. Zylstra
Exit Holes Perfectly circular, size ranging from 1/8 to 3/8 inch diameter
K. E. Zylstra

20. K. E. Zylstra

21. Which holes are Sirex wood wasp
D. Lance, USDA APHIS PPQ, Bugwood.org
Which holes are Sirex wood wasp
exit holes?
J. Hodge, Univ. of Kentucky, Bugwood.org
R.. Billings, TX F.S., Bugwood.org
D. Haugen, U.S. F.S., Bugwood.org
Turning point

22. K. E. Zylstra
K. E. Zylstra