1. EUROPEAN IDENTITIES Olivier BEDDELEEM

2. Who am I ? Olivier BEDDELEEM Lecturer/researcher in European legal strategy Manager of the BBA entrepreneurship program at EDHEC Business School President of the European movement-France- Nord Member of the Forum of the Eurometropolis Lille-Kortrijk-Tournai

3. What is this course about ?  Know the main differences and similarities between European identities  Be able to explain the roots of a European identity  Be able to adapt a political or business strategy to the European identity context

4. Course organisation  24 hours of class  Class presentations (50%)  Final exam (50%)

5. Course plan I- The existence of a European identity A common identity in 1957 ? The impact of the Maastricht treaty : From European citizenship to European identity The 2004 enlargement and European identity The debate on a European identity in the Lisbon treaty : the roots of a European identity Towards a European identity ?

6. Course plan II- Similarities and differences between European identities 28 different identities ? Intra-national identities A North/South identity ? An East/West identity ?

7. Course plan III- Handling European identities in business The economic consequences of European identity Using differences and similarities as a strategic asset Using the EuroBarometer efficiently

8. Who are you ? 1) State your name, email, nationality, previous education 2) Explain why you took this Master 3) State what your professional aim is 4) What is your previous knowledge about Europe ? 5) What would you expect this course « European identities » to provide you ?

9. CH1- The existence of a European identity I- A European identity in 1957 ?

10. What is identity ?  Work in groups of 2 to 3 students  Define all the elements of your national identity (10-15 minutes)

11. What is identity ?  Work in groups of 2 to 3 students  Define all the elements of European identity (10-15 minutes)

12. CH1- The existence of a European identity I- A European identity in 1957 ?

13. A- Geography

16. Europe as a peninsula The Russian mountains compared to the USA ones The Mediterranean issue The frontiers of Europe

17. B- History A common history from Charlemagne to Napoleon

18. B- History (814)

19. B- History (1812)

20. B- History History of the development of the nations Historical justification of the creation of the European community

21. B- History (1860)

22. C- WW1-WW2 & European identity Wars as a founding element of a European identity

23. C- Europe 1919

24. C- Europe 1940

26. D- A European identity for the 6 founding countries CECA creation in 1951 with countries with the same economic development, in the same geographic area, for common economic goals Same for EEC and Common Agricultural Policy

27. D- A European identity for the 6 founding countries

28. CH1- The existence of a European identity II- The impact of the Maastricht treaty : From European citizenship to European identity

29. A- What is the Maastricht treaty ? Treaty signed in 1992 Switches the EEC to a European Union

30. B- The creation of European citizenship Citizen of a Member country also have the citizenship of the European Union Fundamental rights Diplomatic protection outside the EU

31. C- The pillars : Justice, police, defense, etc

32. D- The expansion of the EU’s areas Consumers Workers Etc

33. CH1- The existence of a European identity III- The 2004 enlargement and European identity

34. A- Some history about the « Eastern European counties »  The history of the development of central and eastern Europe  WW2 and The cold war

35. B- Getting the continent back together  A political move  An economic move  The conditions to become a member country of the EU

36. B- EU Enlargement

37. C- Towards differences (intro) Difference in development Difference in culture ? Difference in history, especially since WW2

38. D- The European acquis Integration of the European legal background in the new member countries

39. CH1- The existence of a European identity IV- The debate on a European identity in the Lisbon treaty : the roots of a European identity

40. A- The Lisbon treaty Aim of the Lisbon treaty : A better functioning of the European Union after the enlargements

41. B- The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU Restatement of a cultural identity on fundamental rights Creation of a common cultural identity

42. C- The religious roots of Europe Big debate in the negotiation of the Lisbon treaty : does the European Union have a Christian background ?

43. D- New European areas : towards citizen’s daily life Expansion of topics in which the EU can intervene Easing the majorities

44. CH1- The existence of a European identity V- Towards a European identity ?

45. A- What is identity ? Some definitions : a. The fact or condition of being the same as something else: The identity of the two handwriting samples was established by an expert. b. The fact or condition of being associated or affiliated with something else: the identity between mass and energy. c. The set of characteristics by which a person or thing is definitively recognizable or known: "The identity of the nation had... been keenly contested in the period of nationalist opposition to Imperial rule" (Judith M. Brown). d. The awareness that an individual or group has of being a distinct, persisting entity: "He felt more at home thousands of miles from Britain than he did in an English village four miles from his home... Was he losing his identity?" (Robert Fallon). Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition, 2011, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing

46. A- What is identity ? Some characteristics of Europeans A territorial definition ? A political definition ? A religious definition ? A national definition ? A language definition ? A cultural definition ? A legal definition : same laws and institutitions

47. B- « European » : continent or political notion ? Europe and EU are intertwinned More and more, there is an identity of the European Union BUT European continent countries still have similarities and can join the EU at some point And they most of the time adapt their legislation to be coherent with the EU one (pre-adhesion, European Economic Area, Neighbourhood policy)

48. C- Confederation or federalism ? Economic free trade area Common economic development area Confederation Federation of sovereign countries European federation European centralized country

49. D- « United in diversity » The EU’s Motto “United in Diversity” has a double role : Allowing a European identity Making Europe diverse hence making it harder to have a European identity