1. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task1 EURISOL and the Beta-Beam Task Status and Planning Michael Benedikt Mats Lindroos AB-Department, CERN

2. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task2 Outline EURISOL Task organisation –Overview on beta-beam task –Sub-tasks Work planning and goals by sub-tasks –Participants –Milestones –Deliverables and supporting documentation Prospective hiring and budget Meetings and task status

3. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task3 Introduction to beta-beams Beta-beam proposal by Piero Zucchelli –A novel concept for a neutrino factory: the beta-beam, Phys. Let. B, 532 (2002) 166-172. AIM: production of a pure beam of electron neutrinos (or antineutrinos) through the beta decay of radioactive ions circulating in a high- energy (  ~100) storage ring. The baseline scenario –Avoid anything that requires a “technology jump” which would cost time and money (and be risky) –Make maximum use of the existing infrastructure

4. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task4 CERN 1 st beta-beam “study/idea” Two isotopes selected: – 18 Ne 10+, T 1/2 =1.67 seconds, 18 Ne 10+ -> 18 F 9+ + e + +  Q- value =4433.4 keV – 6 He 2+, T 1/2 =0.8 seconds, 6 He 2+ -> 6 Li 3+ + e - +  Q- value =3507.8 keV The neutrino beam at the experiment has the “time stamp” of the circulating beam in the decay ring. The beam has to be concentrated in as few and as short bunches as possible to maximize the number of ions/nanosecond for background suppression. –Aim for a duty factor of 10 -3 - 10 -4 for the detector.

5. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task5 Design Flux The Design Study is aiming for: –A beta-beam facility that will run for 6 months each year or 10 7 seconds per year –An integrated flux of 10 10 18 anti-neutrinos ( 6 He) and 5 10 18 neutrinos ( 18 Ne) in ten years running at  =100 With an Ion production in the target to the ECR source: 6 He= 2 10 13 atoms per second 18 Ne= 8 10 11 atoms per second

6. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task6 EURISOL DS Future beta-beam R&D together with EURISOL project Design Study in the 6th Framework Programme of the EU The EURISOL Project –Design of an ISOL type (nuclear physics) facility. –Performance three orders of magnitude above todays facilities. –A first feasibility / conceptual design study was done within FP5. –Strong synergies with the beta-beam especially low-energy part: Ion production (proton driver, high power targets). Beam preparation (cleaning, ionization, bunching). First stage acceleration (post accelerator ~100 MeV/u). Radiation protection and safety issues.

7. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task7 EURISOL FAIR: Unique Features: ISOL method MWATT targets High energy fragmentation Beta-beam High energy fragmentation: EURISOL high intense easy beam (e.g. 132 Sn) + post-acceleration to GeV region in PS + IF or direct = A major step further towards more exotic nuclei

8. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task8 EURISOL

9. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task9 EURISOL design study Production of an engineering oriented design of the facility, in particular in relation to its most technologically advanced aspect (i.e., excluding the detailed design of standard elements of the infrastructure). Technical Design Report for EURISOL. Conceptual Design Report for Beta-Beam (first study). Acronym:EURISOL DS Requested budget:9.1 M € Deadline for proposal:4 March 2004 Starting date:1 February 2005 Duration of the project:48 months Coordinating Institution:GANIL (Graziano Fortuna – INFN)

10. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task10 General EURISOL for the beta-beam Target tasks: 100 kW and MW targets –CERN Beam preparation: 60 GHz ECR source –IN2P3-LPSC Heavy-ion accelerator: acceleration up to 100 MeV/u –GANIL Physics: Low energy beta-beam –IN2P3-Orsay And more…

11. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task11 Overview on Beta-Beam task Neutrino Source Decay Ring Ion production Direct/converter target & ion source Proton Driver Linac Decay ring Br = 1500 Tm B = 5 T C = 7000 m L ss = 2500 m 6 He:  = 150 18 Ne:  = 250 SPS Acceleration to medium energy Bunching ring and RCS PS Acceleration to final energy PS & SPS Experiment Ion acceleration Post-accelerator Beam preparation 60 GHz ECR pulsed From exit of EURISOL post-accelerator (~100 MeV/u) to Decay Ring (~100 GeV/u).

12. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task12 Sub-Tasks Beta-beam task starts at exit of EURISOL post-accelerator. Comprises design of complete accelerator chain up to decay ring. Work is organized in four Sub-Tasks (ST): –ST 1: Parameter definition and evolution of the base line design. –ST 2: Design of low-energy ring(s). –ST 3:Ion acceleration in PS and SPS and new machine designs. –ST 4:Decay ring design

13. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task13 ST 1 – Planning 02/05-01/06 ST 1: Parameter definition and evolution of the base line design. –Participants (1.2 MY total): Coordinating Institute: CERN (0.6 MY) IN2P3 (0.1), Stockholm Univ.(0.1), CEA-Saclay (0.2), GSI (0.1), CCLRC RAL (0.1). –Work objectives: Definition of main parameters and confirmation of base line design. Coordination of accelerator sub tasks (ST 2, 3, 4). Coordination with linked EURISOL tasks and outside contributors (TRIUMF). –Milestones: 04/05: preliminary parameter list 10/05: definitive parameter list. –Deliverables: Report with parameter list for the beta-beam accelerator complex.

14. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task14 ST 2 – Planning 02/05-01/06 ST 2: Design of low energy rings(s). –Participants (1 MY total): Coordinating Institute: IN2P3 (0.15 MY) CERN (0.4), Stockholm Univ.(0.15), CEA-Saclay (0.3), TRIUMF –Work objectives: Evaluation and choice of low-energy machines (RCS, FFAG, Cyclotron). Optics design for low-energy rings –Milestones: 10/05: choice of low-energy machine(s). –Supporting documentation: Note on comparison of low-energy machine(s). Note on preliminary optics design.

15. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task15 ST 3 – Planning 02/05-01/06 ST 3: Ion acceleration in PS and SPS and new machine designs. –Participants (2.85 MY total): Coordinating Institutes: CERN (PS&SPS) (0.8 MY), GSI (new designs) (1.9 MY) CCLRC RAL (0.15), TRIUMF –Work objectives: Simulations of ion acceleration scenarios in PS & SPS (longitudinal & transverse). Parameter definition for new machine to replace PS. Optics design for new PS. –Milestones: 10/05: decision on acceleration scheme for PS & SPS (harmonic number, etc.) 10/05: definition of parameters for new PS –Supporting documentation: Note on ion acceleration in PS and SPS and transverse/longitudinal limitations. Note on parameter choice and preliminary optics design for new PS

16. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task16 ST 4 – Planning 02/05-01/06 ST 4: Decay ring design. –Participants (1.8 MY total): Coordinating Institute: CEA-Saclay (1.5 MY) CERN (0.3), TRIUMF –Work objectives: Optics design of the decay ring. Simulations for ion injection and stacking in the decay ring. –Milestones: 10/05: freeze linear optics parameters for decay ring 10/05: decision on feasibility of asymmetric bunch merging as stacking method –Deliverables: Report on preliminary optics design for the decay ring.

17. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task17 Task meetings and status Foreseen Meetings –1 st Beta-beam task meeting: 14. April 2005, CERN –2 nd Beta-beam task meeting:17. October 2005, Saclay –Several smaller “working meetings” as needed Status of the beta-beam task –2 task meetings during last year (CERN, RAL) –Work on all sub-tasks started, esp. decay ring design is advancing well –Next steps: Confirmation of beam parameters at high energy with neutrino physicists. Definition of low-energy side with other EURISOL tasks (beam preparation, post accelerator)

18. CERN, 15/03/05EURISOL - Beta Beam Task18 Flux Talk in nowg on Friday: –Gamma dependence of flux –Optimization schemes for accumulation of radioactive ions –Longer lived isotopes