1. GlobEmission (ITT 6721) new ESA contract starting on Oct. 11 KNMI/BIRA/FMI/TNO/VITO

2. Status of emission inventories

3. Status of current emission inventories InventorySpatial resolutionTemporal resolution Last updatePeriodRemarks EDGAR 3.2 1 x 1  annual20052000updated every 5 years GEIA v.1 1 x 1  annual19951985 GFED v.3 1 x 1  monthly2010 5 yearfire emissions, satellite data involved GICC 1 x 1  monthly20101997-2005biomass burning MACC 0.5 x 0.5  monthly20101990-2010under construction MEGAN 1 x 1  monthly20092000biogenic emissions POET 1 x 1  annual/monthly20031990-2000 RETRO 0.5 x 0.5  monthly20051960-2000 UNFCCCper countryannual20081990-2008greenhouse gases Global inventories Temporal resolution: monthly or annual Updated: 2 inventories within the last 5 years (in blue) Spatial resolution:0.5 or 1 degree

4. Status of current emission inventories InventorySpatial resolutionTemporal resolution Last updatePeriodRemarks Regional inventories: Europe EMEP50 x 50 kmannual20071970-2020Country totals updated yearly, Spatial distrib. updated every 5 yr TNO-MACC 0.125  x 0.0625  annual20072003-2007EMEP country totals with improved spatial distribution Regional inventories: Asia INTEX-B 0.5 x 0.5  annual2006 REAS 0.5 x 0.5  annual20071995,2000with predictions for 1980-2020 Regional inventories: North America CGEIC 1 x 1  annual1985 part of EDGAR NEI (EPA)USA stateannual2008 updated every 3 years Regional inventories Temporal resolution: annual Updated: 3 inventories within the last 5 years (in blue) Spatial resolution:~0.1 – 1.0 degree

5. User requirements

6. Committed end users European Environmental Agency (EEA) University of Edinburgh Min. of Environmental Protection of China (MEP) Indian Inst. of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) South African Weather service (SAWS) National institute for Env. Studies Japan (NIES) Specific user requirements: Species: NOx, CH 4, CO, NMVOC, SO 2, PM, O 3 Accuracy: better than 30% - 80 % Spatial resolution: 1 km - 50 km Time resolution: daily – annual

7. User Requirements: Regions

8. User Requirements: Temporal/Spatial

9. Do the bottom-up inventories match the user requirements ? Species : –Number of species is more than enough Accuracy: –Usual sufficient –Some regions are unreliable Spatial: –Sometimes a higher resolution is requested –Africa is under-represented in the regional inventories Temporal: –More recent emission estimates needed –Higher temporal resolution needed: monthly or daily

10. Can GlobEmission using satellite observations improve this ? Species : –Focus on a few targetted species (–) Accuracy: –Probably sufficient, but it still has to prove itself (±) –All regions are treated similar (+) Spatial: –Sometimes a higher resolution is requested (±) –Regional inventory dedicated to South-Africa (+) Temporal: –Emission estimates will be made available almost immediately (++) –Monthly temporal resolution possible (+)

11. Project Overview

12. GlobEmission: Inversion of satellite observations Concentrations Emissions Satellite observations

13. GlobEmission: Approach Based on satellite observations using inversion techniques Complementary to bottom-up inventories (not replacing) Focus on a limited number of species: –NOx, CH 4, CO, NMVOC, SO 2, PM Validation with existing inventories and model results Goal: to demonstrate the validity of the concept

14. Service implementation Dedicated services for the following four types of emission estimates: 1.Global Inversion of HCHO, CHOCHO on a global domain CO inventory assessment 2.Regional NO 2 (and O 3 ) and SO 2 over South Africa, China, India (high resolution) 2b.High resolution Emission Maps Spatial disaggregation to create high resolution maps over South Africa 3.European Inversion of NO x in Europe Verification of SO 2 and CO inventories in Europe (and O 3 ) 4.Aerosol-related Aerosol inversion over Europe, South Africa, China and Japan Forest Fire emissions

15. Global Emission Estimates Service provider : BIRA-IASB Main users:NIES, Univ. Edinburgh Main tasks : Inversion of HCHO, CHOCHO on a global domain Derivation of global NMVOC emissions constrained by HCHO retrievals. Derivation of global natural emissions of isoprene using HCHO column data. Derivation of the missing biogenic source of CHOCHO over land using combined HCHO and CHOCHO retrievals. Evaluation and improvement of the anthropogenic CO emission inventories.

16. Regional Emission Estimates Service provider : KNMI Main users:SAWS (South Africa), IITM (India), MEP (China) Main tasks : Derivation of NO 2 (and O 3 ) and SO 2 emissios using CHIMERE and UV-VIS satellite data On a 25×25 km 2 resolution over China, India and South Africa

17. Service provider : VITO Main users:SAWS (South Africa) Main tasks : The E-MAP tool is used to grid air pollutants (e.g. NOx, SO2, PM10) as input to air quality models for different regions and at different resolutions. This tool will be extended towards South Africa as to allow spatial disaggregation of (low-resolution) regional emission inventories for South Africa derived from satellite observations to high-resolution regional inventories High resolution emission inventories for the “Regional Emission Estimates” of South Africa Left: NOx point source emissions stemming from industrial production processes (SNAP 4) Right: NOx traffic emissions (SNAP 7) disaggregated on a 5x5 km² grid.

18. European Emissions Estimates Service provider : TNO and KNMI Main users:EEA Main tasks : Derivation of sectoral emission estimates for NOx, SO 2 and CO for the years 2009-2010 per country and per year, using LOTOS-EUROS model and satellite data. Investigating the effect of a new NOx emission inventory on ozone formation Verication of existing EMEP NOx, SO 2 and CO emission inventories.

19. FMI: Emission estimates related to aerosols Service provider : FMI Main users:MEP, SAWS, NIES, Univ. Edinburgh, EEA Main tasks : Aerosol inversion over Europe, South Africa, China and Japan using SILAM and satellite data Deriving Forest Fire emissions

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