1. Hideki Tojo was the prime minister of Japan during World War II.

2. Japanese Atrocities Acts on Civilians Nanking (1937-38) 1.Nearly 500,000 civilians were executed 2.Over 10,000 Chinese were raped Occupied Territories 1.Eliminated cultural/religious leadership—try to install Japanese lifestyles 2.Resistance suspects were rounded up and killed 3.Enslaved civilians for war industry Treatment of POW’s Wounded were often killed Food/Water rations were minimal Often used for forced Labor Torture/Brain-washing for information and propaganda Varied greatly within the Japanese military

3. What was the Holocaust?

4. The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.

6. Other than the Holocaust, what are 5 other examples of genocide that took place during the 20 th Century?

7. Muslim Turks killed over 1 million Christian Armenians during World War I. Joseph Stalin ordered the killing of at least 20 million who he saw as a threat to his authority (wealthier peasants, government and military leaders). This is known as the Great Purge. In 1976, over a million people were executed or died from starvation in Cambodia when Pol Pot forced everyone to move to the countryside. In 1994, over 80,000 Tutsi were murdered by Hutu in Rwanda. Bosnian Serbs (Christians) murdered Muslims and Croats in former Yugoslavia.

8. Genocide against Armenians

13. Genocide in the USSR

15. Nazi Atrocities Concentration Camps 14 million civilians were killed by the Nazis 1.Racial/Ethnic Minorities 2.Political Opponents 3.Resistance/Underground leaders 4.Intellectuals/Clergy Were used by the Nazis 1.As slave labor 2.In experiments on nutrition, pain, genetics— Dr. Mengele Were executed as Nazis retreated (1944-45) The Holocaust 6 million Jews were murdered by the Nazis Nazis blamed Jews for all the hardships of German History Nazi “Final Solution” for the Jews (1942) 1. Death Camps were built to carry out mass executions 2. Used less as slave labor— starvation rations 3. Carried out by the SS— Adolph Eichmann 4. Executions increased as the Nazi Army retreated

16. Nazi Atrocities Hitler’s Special Prison Special prisoners were dealt with directly by Hitler & Nazi Leadership 1.Leaders of the resistance movements 2.Political enemies 3.Assassins and conspirators Used unusually cruel methods 1.Decapitations 2.Hangings: Piano Wire, Meat Hooks, Barbed Wire 3.Prisoners were belittled and mocked Executions and Mock Trials were filmed 1.Used to torture/intimidate other prisoners 2.Hitler/Nazi leaders viewed films in his theatre

17. Nazi Atrocities Treatment of POW’s Enemy POW’s were often executed by SS death squads 1.Especially in E. Europe 2.More common late in WWII 3.Most famous incident was Malmade (Battle of the Bulge-1944) 4.Part of overall strategy— terror Were human shields 1.Located near factories 2.Located near military bases 3.Less likely to be bombed Evidence By 1942 Rumors were worldwide Byproducts 1.Stockpiled items: shoes, glasses, clothing, etc. 2.Made things from corpses: soap, candles, rope, dyes, lamp shades, fertilizer 3.Mass graves and ashes from crematoriums Found by advancing Allied Armies Nuremberg trials 1.Many Nazis committed suicide 2.Claimed to be following orders—Nuremberg Defense

18. Genocide in Cambodia

24. Genocide in Rwanda

29. Genocide against Muslims and Croats

32. What were the major outcomes of World War II?