1. COM 365 Newspaper Layout & Design
Type History
COM 365
Newspaper Layout & Design

2. Johannes Gutenberg 1400-1468 Printed famous Bible in 1455
Used metal, moveable type
Before this, books printed by hand using pen and ink

4. About 180 copies printed, 48 left today
42 lines of type in 2 columns

5. Resembled handwriting style known as “blackletter”
Used ligatures
Combination of 2 or more letters

6. Added red paint to initial capitals and paragraph marks and elaborate painted illustrations

7. After type was used, stored in gridded cases
Terms upper and lower case derived from physical space in print shop

8. Roman typefaces Introduced in 15th and 16th centuries
Garamond, Palatino, Jenson
Named for printers back then
Rounder, lighter, more open than Gothic type

9. Italic letters also introduced in 15th century
Saved space, made printing cheaper
Origin was Italy

11. 18th century
Printers began developing typefaces with more contrast, fluidity
(William) Caslon, (John) Baskerville
(Giambattista) Bodoni
Carried contrast to extreme
Thin serifs

13. 19th century Rise of industrialization, mass consumption
Big, bold faces
Distorted classical letters
Large sizes, height, width
Expanded, contracted, fattened, etc.
Emphasis on typeface as a whole, as opposed to individual letters

16. 20th century Emergence of avant-garde designers
Sans serif typefaces
Bauhaus school in Germany
Designed typefaces based on geometric shapes
Circle, line, square, etc.

17. Universal: only lowercase, straight lines and curves

18. Futura: perfectly round Os

19. 20th century Rise of pixel based fonts began in 1960s
Looked “digital”
Exploited the screen displays, dot-matrix printers of era
In 1990s type became less formal

20. (1960s digital, computer type)

22. (1990s type become more casual, technical perfection
less emphasized)
Based on letters drawn with plastic stencil.
Combination of two fonts, old (Centennial) and new (VAG Rounded).

23. Inspired by Baskerville, and named after his
mistress and housekeeper, Sarah Eaves.
Designed in Netherlands, inspired by 16th century
typefaces. Modern interpretation of traditional type.