1. Computer Systems 2009-2010 Week 2: Writing for Assessment Michelle O ’ Doherty, Lecturer in Academic Writing Write Now CETL

2. Writing for Assessment The Assignment Code Develops an Argument Uses Evidence Critical Evaluation Address the Question Structuring Use of Language Assessment Plus (2004) What are assessment criteria? Available at: http://www.assessmentplus.net>http://www.assessmentplus.net Knowledge and Understanding

3. Writing for Assessment Argument An essay is always an argument: a debate Define and explain the key terms of the question Identify alternative arguments/aspects of the question – discuss: analyse and evaluate them Discussion demonstrates your Knowledge and Understanding. Thesis statement: – introduction/first paragraph. A statement summarising your point of view/argument Written last? Paragraphs: linked points which develop your argument throughout the essay Points/statements are supported by evidence Evidence: selective and relevant – quality not quantity Discussion leads to a logical conclusion Final judgement supported by the discussion of evidence Connect your overall conclusion to key evidence: no new evidence is presented Refer to your thesis statement (introduction) and/or assignment question Look to the future implications – to make conclusion different

4. Writing for Assessment Critical Evaluation Analysis Who? What? Where? When? What? How? Evaluation Strengths Weaknesses Compare and Contrast Discussion = critical evaluation of different ‘ sides ’ of assignment question (including supporting evidence for these perspectives)

5. Writing for Assessment Argument: Structure Hoey,(2001) – journal articles Context (Situation) Problem Solution/Response Evaluation Swales (1990) – dissertation Map the territory Indicate that the area is important in some way Review previous research Establish your ground Indicate a gap in previous research OR pose a question about it Occupy the ground ‘ This essay will focus on …. ’ LANGUAGE: The Academic Phrasebank http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/

6. Writing for Assessment Exemplar Introduction (and opening paras) establish the context of your question [set the scene/define key terms] and demonstrate importance of topic Outline your approach to answering the question Briefly state of your position on the question : ‘ This report/paper will argue/demonstrate that …. ’ Headings: analyse different aspects of the question Paragraphs: make a point, illustrate with examples/evidence (referenced) discuss significance/implications and evaluate Conclusion Positive: ‘ This report has demonstrated that …’ and relate to your thesis statement Refer to/summarise key findings Briefly consider future implications Signpost your argument However, Despite this, Furthermore, In Addition, Therefore, Check! Retrospective Planning: summarise - does each paragraph have a main point that contributes to on-going argument? If not, where are the gaps? Persuasive Language – your discussion should contribute to your on-going argument ‘ This evidence clearly demonstrates …’ ‘ It is questionable to what extent these findings can be generalised …’