1. Thursday April 3 2014 Drill: If you were to give another student at tip about analyzing Primary Documents, what would it be? HW: Meet Ms. Yelito in the Library Lab Tomorrow. Obj: identify strategies for answering a Document Based Question.

2. Tips for Analyzing Primary Documents

3. Wednesday April 2 2014 Drill: What is the difference between a primary and secondary source? HW: DB: Crusades- Due Friday, Must be done ONLINE Obj: identify strategies for answering a Document Based Question.

4. Document Based Question

5. Question Describe life during the Middle Ages. Cite sources to support your answer.

6. Historical Context: The Middle Ages in Europe, a period of time from approximately A.D. 500 to 1400, have been referred to by a variety of terms-the Age of Faith, the Dark Ages, the Age of Feudalism, and even a Golden Age. The medieval era began with the destruction of the Roman Empire and the disorder that followed, which led to the rise of feudalism. During this period of darkness, the Roman Catholic Church provided spiritual direction as well as many nonreligious functions for the people of the times. Many literary, artistic, and architectural advances occurred

7. Task: Using information from the documents and your prior knowledge of the Middle Ages, answer the question in essay form. Question: Describe life during the Middle Ages. Cite sources to support your answer.

8. Directions The following question is based on the accompanying documents. As you analyze the documents, take into account both the source of the document and the author’s point of view. Be sure to: 1. Carefully read the document-based question. 2. Now, read each document carefully, underlining key phrases and words that address the document-based question. You may also wish to use the margin to make brief notes. Answer the questions for each document. 3. Based on your own knowledge and on the information found in the documents, formulate a thesis that directly answers the question. 4. Organize supportive and relevant information into a brief outline. 5. Write a well-organized paragraph proving your thesis. The paragraph should be logically presented and should include information both from the documents and from your own knowledge outside of the documents.

9. How can we break up the Question before we take notes? Describe life during the Middle Ages. Cite sources to support your answer.

10. DOCUMENT 1: A Knight Speaks “Am I to leave my wife and children, all my goods and inheritance, to go conquer a foreign land which will give me nothing in return? I can worship God just as well in Paris as in Jerusalem….Those rich lords and prelates (priests) who have grabbed for themselves all the treasure on earth may well need to go on a crusade. But I live in peace with my neighbors. I am not bored with them yet and so I have no desire to go looking for a war at the other end of the world. If you like heroic deeds, you can go along and cover yourself with glory: tell the Sultan from me that if he feels like attacking me I know very well how to defend myself. But so long as he leaves me alone, I shall not bother my head about him. All you people, great and small, who go on pilgrimage to the Promised Land, ought to become very holy there: so how does it happen that the ones who come back are mostly bandits?” -Rutebeuf, from The Medieval World by Freidrich Heer, translated by Janet Sondheimer

11. Document 2: “Upper Class women”

12. Document 3: The life of a serf: “Now Ploughman, what work do you do?” “I work very hard. I go out at dawn driving oxen a-field and yoke them to the plough. For fear of my lord, I dare not stay at home even when the winter is very cold. Every day I must plough a full acre or more.” “Have you any companions? “ “I have a boy to threaten the oxen with a goad. He is quite hoarse with the cold and shouting” “What else do you do?” “I have to get hay for the oxen, water them and clean out the sheds. “ “Great is your labor!” “Verily, it is because I am not free!”

13. Document 4: “The Plague”

14. Document 5: The Italian writer Agnioli di Tura: “I buried with my own hands five of my children in a single grave. No bells. No tears. This is the end o the world.”

15. Document 6: “The Life of Serfs”

16. Document 7: “Alas! our ships enter the port, but of a thousand sailors hardly ten are spared. We reach our homes; our kindred and our neighbours come from all parts to visit us. Woe to us for we cast at them the darts of death! Whilst we spoke to them, whilst they embraced us and kissed us, we scattered the poison from our lips. Going back to their homes, they in turn soon infected their whole families, who in three days succumbed, and were buried in one common grave. Priests and doctors visiting the sick returned from their duties ill, and soon were numbered with the dead. O death! cruel, bitter, impious death! which thus breaks the bonds of affection and divides father and mother, brother and sister, son and wife. Lamenting our misery, we feared to fly, yet we dared not remain." -Gabriele de' Mussi, a notary from Piacenza, gave a vivid account of the plague in Kaffa and SicilyKaffa

17. Document 8: This description of a manor house at Chingford, Essex in England was recorded in a document for the Chapter of St. Paul's Cathedral when it was granted to Robert Le Moyne in 1265. He received also a sufficient and handsome hall well ceiled with oak. On the western side is a worthy bed, on the ground, a stone chimney, a wardrobe and a certain other small chamber; at the eastern end is a pantry and a buttery. Between the hall and the chapel is a sideroom. There is a decent chapel covered with tiles, a portable altar, and a small cross. In the hall are four tables on trestles. There are likewise a good kitchen covered with tiles, with a furnace and ovens, one large, the other small, for cakes, two tables, and alongside the kitchen a small house for baking. Also a new granary covered with oak shingles, and a building in which the dairy is contained, though it is divided. Likewise a chamber suited for clergymen and a necessary chamber. Also a hen-house. These are within the inner gate. Likewise outside of that gate are an old house for the servants, a good table, long and divided, and to the east of the principle building, beyond the smaller stable, a solar for the use of the servants. Also a building in which is contained a bed, also two barns, one for wheat and one for oats. These buildings are enclosed with a moat, a wall, and a hedge. Also beyond the middle gate is a good barn, and a stable of cows, and another for oxen, these old and ruinous. Also beyond the outer gate is a pigstye.