2. Understanding the forms, meter, rhyme, and other aspects of the sonnet.

3. Sonnet Form A sonnet has 14 lines. A sonnet must be written in iambic pentameter A sonnet must follow a specific rhyme scheme, depending on the type of sonnet. A sonnet can be about any subject, though they are often about love or nature. A sonnet introduces a problem or question in the beginning, and a resolution is offered after the turn (think plot structure).

4. Iambic Pentameter A line of Iambic Pentameter is a line with ten beats, or five feet. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5lsuyUNu_4

5. Shakespearean Sonnet An Shakespearean Sonnet is also called an English Sonnet. It includes three quatrains (groups of four lines) and a couplet (two lines). The rhyme scheme is often abab cdcd efef gg. The turn is either after eight lines or ten lines.

6. Shakespearean Sonnet My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips’ red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress when she walks treads on the ground. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun (Sonnet 130) Turn! What changes here?

7. Italian Sonnet An Italian Sonnet is also called a Petrarchan Sonnet. It includes an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines). The rhyme scheme must begin with abbaabba, and concludes with cdcdcd, cdecde, ccddcc, or some variation The turn must occur between the octave and the sestet.

8. Identifying Sonnets What are the groupings of the lines (how many lines are in each group)? What is the rhyme scheme? Where is the turn? Based on your answers, what kind of sonnet is it? Write these questions on your paper and answer them when the sonnet is shown.

9. Identifying Sonnets On the Grasshopper and Cricket By John Keats The Poetry of earth is never dead: When all the birds are faint with the hot sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the Grasshopper’s—he takes the lead In summer luxury,—he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. The poetry of earth is ceasing never: On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills.

10. What type of sonnet is “What the Sonnet Is”? Lines are in an octave (eight lines) and a sestet (six lines). The Poetry of earth is never dead: When all the birds are faint with the hot sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the Grasshopper’s—he takes the lead In summer luxury,—he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. The poetry of earth is ceasing never: On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills.

11. What type of sonnet is “What the Sonnet Is”? Rhyme scheme is abbaabba cdcdcd. The Poetry of earth is never dead: When all the birds are faint with the hot sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the Grasshopper’s—he takes the lead In summer luxury,—he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. The poetry of earth is ceasing never: On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills.

12. The Poetry of earth is never dead: When all the birds are faint with the hot sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the Grasshopper’s—he takes the lead In summer luxury,—he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. The poetry of earth is ceasing never: On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills. Turn! What changes here?

13. Identifying Sonnets The turn in this sonnet is between the octave and the sestet, or after eight lines. Before the turn, the speaker is talking about birds and insects finding shelter during the summer, and after the turn the speaker is talking about birds and insects finding shelter during the winter.

14. What type of sonnet is “What the Sonnet Is”? Italian/Petrarchan Sonnet!