1. Feudal
Japan

2. Heian Period: 794-1156 Characteristics: Growth of large land estates.
Arts & literature of China flourished.
Elaborate court life [highly refined]
Personal diaries
The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10c]
Great novel
The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu [1000 pgs.+] 

3. Heian Period: Cultural Borrowing
Chinese writing.
Chinese artistic styles.
Buddhism [in the form of ZEN].
BUT, not the Chinese civil service system! 

4. Heian Court Dress

5. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

6. The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon (diary)

7. Tale of Genji (first novel)

8. Tale of Genji Scroll (first novel)

9. Lady Murasaki Shikibu
She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

10. Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333
Minamoto Yoritomo
Founded the Kamakura Shogunate:

11. Medieval Japan Top Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasants Bottom
___________ supreme military leader
_________ powerful, land-owning
landlord
____________ professional warriors
____________low, non-ruling class
Shogun
Daimyo
Samurai
Peasants
Bottom

12. The emperor reigned, but did not always rule!
Feudal Society

13. Samurai Bushido ► “Knights of Japan” ► Highly respected and feared
► Followed _____________
- Code of ethics
Bushido

14. Code of Bushido
Courage
Honor
Obedience
Loyalty

15. Seppuku: Ritual Suicide by Sword
It is honorable to die in this way.
Kaishaku – his “seconds”

16. Full Samurai Attire

17. Samurai Sword

18. Early Mounted Samurai Warriors

19. Underpinnings: Basic Steps in Self Defense
A COTTON BREECH CLOUT that extended up over the chest was the basic undergarment of a samurai’s costume
A SHORT SLEEVED KIMONO, or “armor robe,” was tied snugly at the waist with a special knot (lower right)

20. BILLOWING PANTALOONS,worn over the armor robe, fitted loosely in the legs to allow freedom of movement
AN EXQUISITE BROCADE, richly worked with a design of peonies, was one of the extravagant materials used in an armor robe that may have been made for a 14th Century imperial prince
STURDY SHINGUARDS of cloth or leather were reinforced with strips of iron to give protection from the front

21. Samurai Charging

22. Modern-Day “Samurai Warriors”

23. Feudalism
A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service Europe:
King
Land - Fief
Loyalty
Land - Fief
Lord
Lord
Loyalty
Knight
Knight
Knight
Food
Protection
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant
Peasant

24. Code of Chivalry Justice Loyalty Defense Courage Faith Humility
Nobility

25. Medieval Warriors
vs.
European knight
Samurai Warrior

26. Medieval Warriors
vs.
Knight’s Armor
Samurai Armor

27. Zen Buddhism
A Japanese variation of the Mahayana form of Buddhism, which came from India through China.
It reinforced the Bushido values of mental and self-discipline.

28. 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.
Mongol “Invasions” of Japan
4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them.

29. Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573 Shoguns fought for power. Laws are unclear.
Less efficient than the Kamakura.
Armies of samurai protected the country. 

30. C A S T L E S

31. Osaka Castle

32. Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

33. Caernorfon Castle, Wales

34. Warwick Castle, England

35. R O E N S

36. The Age of the Warring States: (1467 - 1568)
Castles built on hills in different provinces.
Power shifts from above to below.
Europeans arrive in Japan  bringing firearms & Christianity.
Christianity & foreign trade flourish.

37. Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582) Banishes the last Ashikaga shogun.
Unifies a large part of Japan.

38. Catholic Jesuits in Japan
St. Francis Xavier [First Catholic Missionaries in Asia]

39. Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1536-1598)
Becomes suspicious of European territorial ambitions.
Orders all European missionaries expelled from Japan. 
Tries to invade Korea, but fails.

40. First Christian Martyrs (1597): Shrine in Nagasaki Today

41. Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) Appointed shogun by the Emperor.
Four-class system laid down with marriage restricted to members of the same class! 
Warriors.
Farmers.
Artisans.
Merchants.

42. Tokugawa Shogunate Period
Japan closed off to all trade [except to the Dutch and Chinese]. 
The Dutch were restricted to a small island in Nagasaki harbor.
Japanese Christians persecuted and Christianity is forbidden.
The government is centralized with all power in the hands of the shogun.
Domestic trade flourishes.
Towns, esp. castle towns, increase.
Merchant class becomes rich! 
New art forms  haiku poetry, kabuki theater.