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Alexander & the Hellenistic Kingdoms

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Presentation on theme: "Alexander & the Hellenistic Kingdoms"— Presentation transcript:

1 Alexander & the Hellenistic Kingdoms
4-5 World History

2 The Threat of Macedonia
“barbarians” to the north of Greece 338 BC, Philip II conquered Greece Philip II wanted to unite with Greece to defeat the Persian Empire

3 Alexander the Great 20 years old when became king of Macedonia
Ruled BC Prepared by his father to become king “People In History” pg 139 Map pg 140 “Alexandria” India-return trip-poured out water

4 The Legacy of Alexander
Great military leader Imitated Achilles of Homer’s Iliad Gained large quantities of gold and silver-economic influence Successors were monarchs-political influence Greek language, architecture, literature, and art spread throughout Southwest Asia and the Near East-cultural influence

5 The Hellenistic Kingdoms
Hellenistic- “to imitate Greeks” 4 Kingdoms came from Alexander’s empire (map pg 141) Macedonia Syria Pergamum Egypt Alexander planned to use Persians as officials, but his successors used Macedonians & Greeks Cities spread Greek culture

6 Hellenistic Culture Libraries: Architecture and Sculpture Literature
Largest in the world at Alexandria, Egypt 2nd largest in Pergamum Architecture and Sculpture New building in cities Sculptors were patronized by kings & rich citizens Literature Appolonius of Rhodes wrote Argonautica Theocritus wrote short poems showing a love of nature

7 Hellenistic Culture Science
Aristarchus-sun at center of universe and earth rotates around the sun Eratosthenes-Earth is round and calculated circumference at 24,675, only 185 miles off the actual figure Archimedes-geometry of spheres and cylinders & pi Inventor Archimedes screw Discovered specific gravity- “Eureka” (I have found it!) Levers

8 Hellenistic Culture Philosophy
Athens remained the center of Greek philosophy Epicureanism-Epicurus Happiness is the goal of life Social in friendship, but did not participate in politics Stoicism-Zeno Happiness found when gain inner peace by living in harmony with the will of God-whatever life offered Public service is noble The real stoic is a good citizen

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