7. The Alaskan flag was designed by 13 year old Benny Benson while he was a resident at the Jesse Lee Home orphanage in Seward. The North star is for the future of the state, the most northerly of the union. The dipper is for the Great Bear - symbolizing strength

8. The Alaskan Flag Benny Benson- the boy who created Alaska’s flag. Flag Contest http://www.encompassma g.com/2009/03/alaska_fla g.html

10. The Northern Lights

12. The Iditarod

14. 1973 Howard Farley at Start of First Iditarod

15. The Last Great Race on Earth You can’t compare it to any other competitive event in the world! A race over 1150 miles of the roughest, most beautiful terrain Mother Nature has to offer. She throws jagged mountain ranges, frozen river, dense forest, desolate tundra and miles of windswept coast at the mushers and their dog teams. Add to that temperatures far below zero, winds that can cause a complete loss of visibility, the hazards of overflow, long hours of darkness and treacherous climbs and side hills, and you have the Iditarod. A race extraordinaire, a race only possible in Alaska.

16. From Anchorage, in south central Alaska, to Nome on the western Bering Sea coast, each team of 12 to 16 dogs and their musher cover over 1150 miles in 10 to 17 days. It has been called the “Last Great Race on Earth” and it has won worldwide acclaim and interest. It’s not just a dog sled race, it’s a race in which unique men and woman compete. Mushers enter from all walks of life. Fishermen, lawyers, doctors, miners, artists, natives, Canadians, Swiss, French and others; men and women each with their own story, each with their own reasons for going the distance. It’s a race organized and run primarily by volunteers, thousands of volunteers, men and women, students and village residents.

17. The Spirit of Alaska! More Than a Race… a Commemoration The race pits man and animal against nature, against wild Alaska at her best and as each mile is covered, a tribute to Alaska’s past is issued. The Iditarod is a tie to — a commemoration of — that colorful past. In 1925, part of the Iditarod Trail became a life saving highway for epidemic-stricken Nome. Diphtheria threatened and serum had to be brought in; again by intrepid dog mushers and their faithful hard-driving dogs. The Iditarod is a commemoration of those yesterdays, a not-so-distant past that Alaskans honor and are proud of.

18. On the Trail Every musher has a different tactic. Each one has a special menu for feeding and snacking the dogs. Each one has a different strategy — some run in the daylight, some run at night. Each one has a different training schedule and his own ideas on dog care, dog stamina and his own personal ability.

19. Rules There are certain pieces of equipment each team must have — an arctic parka, a heavy sleeping bag, an ax, snowshoes, musher food, dog food and boots for each dog’s feet

20. Training Some mushers spend an entire year getting ready and raising the money needed to get to Nome. Some prepare around a full-time job. In addition to planning the equipment and feeding needs for up to three weeks on the trail, hundreds of hours and hundreds of miles of training have to be put on each team.

21. What does Iditarod Mean? We have come across three different definitions — take your pick! Iditarod means clear water and was named by the Shageluk Indians for the Iditarod River. The word comes from the Ingalik Indian word HaIditarod which was the name for the river on which the town was built. It means distant place. The name Iditarod came from an Ingalik and Holikachuk word hidedhod for the Iditarod River. This name means distant or distant place. This word is still known by elders in the villages of Shageluk, Anvik, Grayling and Holy Cross.

22. Iditarod Facts The first Iditarod race to Nome started March 3, 1973. Broken Records: In 1986, Susan Butcher broke Rick Swenson’s record, set in 1981, by completing the 1049+ miles in 11 days. In 2002, Martin Buser broke the record when he crossed the finish line in 8 days, 22 hours, 46 minutes and 2 seconds.

23. Iditarod Facts The teams average 16 dogs, which means over 1,000 dogs leave Anchorage for Nome. There are 26 checkpoints on the northern route, the first in Anchorage and the last in Nome. On the southern route, there are 27 checkpoints.

24. The largest number of mushers to finish a single race was 77 in 2004. A red lantern is awarded to the last musher to finish. The longest time for a Red Lantern was 32 days, 15 hours, nine minutes and one second by John Schultz in 1973.

25. How does Iditarod keep Track of the Dogs? Microchipping What are microchips? The “microchip” is a tiny computer chip programmed with an identification number and encapsulated by a biocompatible material. Microchips are about the size of a grain of rice. They are usually implanted under the dog’s skin either in the shoulder area, back of the neck or behind the ear, where they stay for the life of the animal. The process is quick and easy. Since your pet is unable to ask directions or tell anyone who he/she belongs to, we always suggest to our fans that they have their pets microchipped.

26. Collar Tags In the Iditarod Race, dogs are marked in two ways, by the microchip identification system and by collar tags.

33. The Iditarod - The Race “The Last Great Race on Earth”The Last Great Race on Earth” Over 1000 miles Anchorage to Nome First Saturday of March

34. “Alaska: Where men are men and women win the Iditarod.”

35. I Did a What?

36. Your winter coat has grown thick, the snow crunches underfoot, you’ve been strengthened after months of training. The Iditarod will begin soon and your team must be ready! As the veteran dogs on the team, your challenge is training the rookie dog for the race. You already know the ropes but there is much to teach this new friend – you better get started!

38. Rookie Questions 1.What are the High and Low temperatures in Alaska during the Iditarod? 2.How long is the race? 3.List at least 5 animals native to Alaska. 4.List at least 5 new words and write the meaning. 5.When did the race begin? 6.Who started the race? 7.What are the rules of the race? 8.When does the race begin and when does it end? 9.How are the dogs grained? 10.What do the mushers wear during the race?

58. Haw =means left (the lead dog(s) must know this) Gee = means right (the lead dog(s) must know this) Hike = means to go or to keep moving. Whoa = means to stop Easy = means to slow up Come Gee = means to turn around to the right Come Haw = means to turn around to the left Dog Sledding: Basic Commands for the dogs

59. Iditarod Reading

69. What are Drop Bags? http://ncarroll.edu.glogster.com/Iditarod/

72. Time to Relax!

77. Preparing for the Race Study origins of the Iditarod Prepare wall map Pick a musher to follow

78. Preparing for the Race Learn about and prepare spreadsheets Prepare temperature graphs

79. Following the Race Track progress on wall map Check and graph the weather

80. Following the Race (continued) Track the number of dogs each day  Spreadsheet Spreadsheet  Graph Graph

81. Language Arts Literature  Stone Fox Writing  Emails to Zuma and mushersZuma  Iditarod chat rooms  Letters to/biographies of mushers Mushing Vocabulary

82. Social Sciences Geography skills  Map skills  Mushers’ hometowns Alaska Scavenger Hunt Compare Alaska and South Dakota Native culture of Alaska

83. Science Temperature  Below zero  Wind-chill Weather conditions Animals of Alaska: sea and land  Camouflage

84. Math Graphing  Coordinates Temperature  Counting by fives  Negative numbers

85. Math (continued) Averages Military Time Adding/ Subtracting Problems of the Day

86. Additional Activities (continued) Word Searches/ Crossword Puzzles Make Polar Bear Pops Make and race sleds Timelines

87. Additional Activities (continued) Iditarod.com  Teachers & Students page Teachers & Students page  Teacher on the Trail Teacher on the Trail Cabela’s.com UltimateIditraod.com