1. Mr. Williams 10th Grade U.S. History
FDR and the New Deal
Mr. Williams
10th Grade U.S. History

2. How did Hoover react to the struggles of Americans during the Depression?
What does his idea of “rugged individualism” mean?
What was the Bonus Army? Why did Roosevelt think this “gave him the election”?

4. Public Works Government funded building projects What is the purpose?
Hoover Dam-1931 provides hydro-electric power to parts of Nevada, Arizona, and California

6. “I assert that modern society, acting through its Government, owes the definite obligation to prevent the starvation or the dire want of any of its fellow men and women who try to maintain themselves but cannot.”
-FDR 10/13/32

8. FDR and the People
Appealing blend of cheerfulness, optimism, and confidence
Fireside Chats: Radio addresses meant to sound as though Roosevelt were in the listener’s living room

11. The Hundred Days
Period of Government activity when Roosevelt pushed Congress to put in place his New Deal
1.) Relief for those suffering the effects of the Great Depression

12. CCC: Civilian Conservation Corps-planting trees, improving parks while living in camps with families
Public Works: Government-funded building projects to provide jobs

15. 2.) Recovery of the depressed economy
Bank Holiday (closed)
Emergency Banking Act
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) government payment to grow fewer crops

16. •National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) mandated that businesses in the same industry cooperate with each other to set prices and levels of production • Also encouraged a minimum wage and less hours for workers

17. 3.) Reforms that would help prevent serious economic crises in the future
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Provided government insurance for depositor’s savings
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Government watchdog over nation’s stock market

18. What was the New Deal?
What were the “Three Rs”?
Describe what these Three Rs were trying to do…..

27. Deficit Spending
Deficit: Occurs when government spends more money than it takes in from taxes and other incomes
John Maynard Keynes: Argued that deficit spending could provide jobs and stimulate the economy: 1938 signs of rebound

29. The Second Hundred Days
Second New Deal: Congress passed laws extending government oversight of the banking industry and raised taxes on the wealthy
Also funded new relief programs for struggling people

31. Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Employed 8.5 million people
Workers built roads, subways, airports, even zoos
Recorded oral histories and created artwork in public buildings

33. Women and the New Deal
Eleanor Roosevelt: 1st First Lady to play an active role in politics
Anti-lynching campaign, wrote her own newspaper, women’s rights, civil rights, etc.

34. Frances Perkins: Secretary of Labor: First woman to head an executive department
Played leading role in New Deal especially with Social Security
BUT, men still paid higher wages and had more work opportunities as part of the New Deal

37. Black Cabinet
Government officials who served as unofficial advisers to FDR under the leadership of Mary McLeod Bethune
As a result of Roosevelt’s efforts, African Americans voted for him in great numbers during the 1936 Election

39. Lasting Impacts
Minimum Wage, FDIC, SEC, TVA, Social Security, NLRB, etc.
Hundred Days now a benchmark for all Presidents
Government’s role has expanded to ensure economic stability

40. Social Security
Provides a pension (regular payments) for many people age 65 years and older
Now many retired workers no longer need to fear hunger and homelessness once they are too old to work

42. FDR and Labor
Wagner Act: Outlawed a number of anti-labor practices such as the creation of company-sponsored unions
Established a National Labor Relations Board (NRLB)

44. Congress of Industrial Organization
CIO: John L. Lewis led this group which broke away from the AFL
DIFFERENCE: Invited all workers not just skilled to join including African Americans and Women

48. Sit-Down Strike
Requires strikers to stay a factory day and night until dispute is resolved
GM strike in Flint, Michigan
Result: GM officially recognized the UAW-CIO