1. 2013 年职称英语精讲班 综合 C 第四讲 阅读理解 综合 B 第五讲 阅读理解 综合 A 第五讲 阅读理解 内容提要： 1. 重要阅读理解习题讲解 (Shark Attack!)

2. Shark Attack ( 第一段 ) Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard( 冲浪板 ), scanning the distance for his next wave, when his board suddenly stopped moving. He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. “I could have touched its eye with my elbow, ” says Craig. The Shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn’t heard a thing. ( 第二段 ) In his horror and confusion, he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark’s teeth. He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water. Then with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers, the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below. ( 第三段 ) Although sharks are often categorized as killers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate. Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightening or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. Only 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the last century. But great white sharks can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more.

3. Shark Attack ( 第三段 ) With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth arranged in several rows, they could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great whites? Shark researchers are trying to comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten. ( 第四段 ) The most common explanation is that great whites don’t see well. It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals( 海豹 ) or sea lions( 海狮 ) which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this, however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. They soon discover that humans are not a high-fat meal. “They spit us out because we are too bony,” says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center for Shark Research.

4. Shark Attack ( 第五段 ) Shark researchers like Martin hypothesize that great whites are actually curious animals that like to investigate things. It is possible that they use the bite not only to kill and eat, but also to gather information. Although such an experience is unlucky for people like Craig Rogers, when shark bit surfboards or other objects or people, they are likely just trying to learn what they are. 1.After Craig Rogers fell into the water, the shark____. A.bit his surfboard B. bit his fingers C. swam away D. attacked him 2. It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites ___. A.often let humans escape B. Kill humans C. have so many teeth D. grow to six meters or more

5. Shark Attack 3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4? A.create B. are C. increase D. depend upon 4. The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means ___. A.people’s B. great whites’ C. sea lion’s D. seals’ 5. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A.Great whites eat low-fat, bony meals more slowly B. Great whites see well enough to include seals, sea lions and humans in their diet C. We now know great whites don’t mistake humans for other animals D. There is reason to doubt that great whites see well enough to attack humans.

6. Shark Attack 1. After Craig Rogers fell into ( 掉入, 陷与 )the water, the shark____. A.bit his surfboard B. bit his fingers C. swam away D. attacked him ( 第一段 ) Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard( 冲浪板 ), scanning( 审 视 ) the distance for his next wave, when his board suddenly stopped moving. He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. “I could have touched its eye with my elbow( 肘部 ), ” says Craig. The Shark had surfaced( 浮出水面 ) so quietly that he hadn’t heard a thing. ( 第二段 ) ❸ In his horror( 恐怖 ) and confusion, he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark’s teeth. ❷ He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard( 冲浪板 ) into the water. ❶ Then with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers, the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below. 考点 : 复杂句子意义的理解 ( 包含非谓语结构, 体现特殊逻辑关系 ( 让步关系 )) 提示 : 该题还可能问及 Craig Rogers 还没有落入水中之前的情况

7. Shark Attack 2. It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites ___. A.often let humans escape B. Kill humans C. have so many teeth D. grow to six meters or more ( 第三段 ) Although sharks are often categorized as killers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate. Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightening or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. Only 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the last century. ➊ But great white sharks can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more. ➊ With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth ( 与 many teeth 呼应 )arranged in several rows, they could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. ➋ Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great whites? ➌ Shark researchers are trying to comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten. 考点 : 考查推断能力 ( 依据时态意义进行推断 )

8. Shark Attack 3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4? A.create B. are C. increase D. depend upon ( 第四段 ) The most common explanation is that great whites don’t see well. It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals( 海豹 ) or sea lions( 海狮 ) which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this, however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. They soon discover that humans are not a high-fat meal. “They spit us out because we are too bony,” says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center fir Shark Research. 考点 : 引导定语从句的关系代词 (which) 在从句中的指代意义 make up: 弥补, 虚构 ( 构成, 组成 ), 整理, 和解, 编辑, 化装

9. Shark Attack 4. The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means ___. A.people’s B. great whites’ C. sea lion’s D. seals’ ( 第四段 ) The most common explanation is that great whites don’t see well. It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals( 海豹 ) or sea lions( 海狮 ) which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this, however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. They soon discover that humans are not a high-fat meal. “They spit us out because we are too bony,” says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center fir Shark Research. 猜测答案技巧 : 出现在并列结构中的选项往往不是答案. 考点：篇章词汇（代词）指代内容的确认。 答题口诀：篇章词汇题一出现，其所在的句子首先看一眼，以确认篇章词汇词 义的特点；结合篇章词汇词义的特点， 在上文之中找答案。

10. Shark Attack 5. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A.Great whites eat low-fat, bony meals more slowly B. Great whites see well enough to include seals, sea lions and humans in their diet C. We now know great whites don’t mistake humans for other animals ? D. There is reason to doubt that great whites see well enough to attack humans. ( 第四段 ) The most common explanation is that great whites don’t see well. ➍ It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals( 海豹 ) or sea lions( 海狮 ) which make up a large part of their diet( 与 B 不一致 ). ➌ There is reason to doubt this, however （与 D 不一致）. ➎ Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well （与 C 一致）. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. ➋ When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. ➊ They soon discover that humans are not a high-fat meal. “They spit us out because we are too bony,” ( 与选项 A 不一致 )says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center fir Shark Research. 提示：段落主题成考点，不一致选项是常见陷阱点，排除陷阱点，范围缩小更 好选答案。段落中要仔细看， 特殊词要敏感，看见特殊词， 它们所在句 子要细查看，这样容易识别出答案。

11. 请完成在线作业 本讲内容结束。 祝大家学习愉快，顺利通过 2013 年职称英语考试！