1. World Geography 3200/3202

2. Outcomes In this section you will: 1.5.1 Define the term spit. (k) 1.5.2 Define the terms sea cave, sea arch, and stack. (k) 1.5.3 Explain how sea caves, sea arches and stacks are formed. (a) 1.5.4 Analyze the processes that result in the “straightening out” of an irregular coastline. (a)

3. Water/Wave Erosion Concepts Three Weathering Terms 1. Hydraulic pressure: The pounding force of water/waves 2. Corrosion: Minerals such as calcium carbonate and limestone dissolve in the water 3. Abrasion: rock and sand particles suspended in the water bump, grind, scrape and gouge surfaces the water hits.

4. Water/Wave Erosion Concepts Longshore Drift Terms 1. Headlands: the protrusions of land that extend the farthest out into wave action. 2. Longshore drift: refers to the fact that dominant waves have enough energy to carry silt/sand from headlands along the shore where it is later deposited. 3. Wave Refraction: waves bending around headlands as they hit the shallow water by shore

5. Straightening an Irregular Submerging Coastline Irregular submerging coastlines have headlands that protrude out from the shore line. The erosion of the headland can deposit silt in the bay which forms a bay beach as it tends to reduce the irregularity of the coastline. The headland is reduced due to erosion and the bay is being filled by deposition.

6. Straightening an Irregular Submerging Coastline Longshore drift results in some sand being deposited parallel to the shore but connected to the headland. These silt deposits are known as spits. Longshore drift and deposition can continue to the point that the spit closes off the mouth of the bay. This extensive deposit is known as a bay bar. As you can see it tremendously reduces the irregularity in the coastline. Continued erosion and deposition can straighten a coastline over a long period of time.

7. Straightening an Irregular Submerging Coastline Sketch the following diagrams to help with your understanding of the steps for straightening an irregular coastline

13. Assigned Readings "Wave Movement and Direction" on pages 41-42; "Effects of Wave erosion and Deposition" on pages 42- 44.

14. Case Study Assigned Readings "CASE STUDY the Curonian Spit" on pages 45-46. Assigned Activities Complete Question #17 on page 46.