1. Maps: the blueprints of travel

2.  There are dozens of kinds of maps

3.  Flat Map: Most familiar  Mercator Projection: most common flat map

4.  Somewhat distorted because you can’t flatten the earth  A straight line on a flat map may not be the shortest route because the earth is round

5.  Remember: Maps that can lie flat, lie (they are inaccurate)

6.  Route Map: maps that show where an airline flies, also road routes that show driving times between cities Airline Route Map Driving/Road Route Map

7.  Globe: the most accurate map  Awkward to use and lack detail

8.  Locator Maps: usually represent a city, local area, using a locator grid of numbers and letters  Often found in travel industry reference books  Help find hotels and attractions

9.  Mental Map: the way you picture geography in your mind  The farther away a place the more simple your mental map is….which makes more errors

10.  Hemispheres: ◦ Northern-above the equator January is in winter, July is in summer ◦ Southern- below the equator January is in summer, July is in the winter

11.  Hemispheres: ◦ Western : North and South America ◦ Eastern : Everything else

12.  Latitude: distance measured north and south of the equator ◦ The farther away from the equator you get the greater the variation in seasonal temperature ◦ The closer to the equator you get the less seasonal the temperature Latitude

13.  Latitude: distance measured north and south of the equator ◦ The northern and southern most latitudes are called polar latitude

14. ◦ The latitudes near the equator are called tropical latitude

15.  The latitudes between the polar and the tropical are called the temperate latitudes. (Arkansas)

16.  Longitude: distance east and west of an arbitrary line called the Prime Meridian in Greenwich, England (Old Royal Observatory) Around the Earth

17.  To have universal time-the world is divided into 24 standard time zones of 15 degrees each.