2. Origins and Definitions of International Society  International society is an association of member states who not only interact across international borders but also share common purposes, organizations, and standards of conduct.  In understanding international society it is important to keep in mind contrasting group relations, such as empires, which are far more common historically.  Political independence is the core value of international society.

3. How do religions spread?  Trade Exchange of goods and exchange of ideas  War Islamic Empire Jihad: war as religious duty Catholic church ○ War in the service of the church  Conversion of Elites (Military, Political, Commercial)

4. Catholic Church vs. Islam The catholic church played a key role in elaborating the normative basis of medieval international society. Islam developed its own distinctive understanding of international society.

5. The emergence of the modern international society  anarchical system in which sovereign states follow their national interests The world market International organisations: EU, IMF, UN Migration Ideas: democracy, revolution, communism, feminism, nationalism, Islamism, racism New forms of communication: social media, the internet, email, mobiles New security issues: movements against war or world poverty (Jubilee 2000) lobbyists on particular issues (Amnesty, Greenpeace, MSF)

6. The globalization of international society Group of people integrate in the society by social, economic and political integration

7. Problem of global international society  Modern international society is a very important sphere of human freedom  It poses serious problems for sovereignty  Global poverty  Environmental issues