1. Slavery in the Colonies

2. Big Ideas of the Lesson
The English enslaved Africans and forced them to work in the colonies.
Slavery had terrible effects on people and cultures of Africa
Although a majority of the enslaved Africans lived in the Southern Colonies, they were part of the population of each of the 13 colonies.
Enslaved Africans had no rights and no freedom. They were treated like property.
Having the free labor of enslaved Africans helped the English colonies grow and prosper.

3. TheTriangular Trade

4. The Triangular Trade(Cont
The Triangular Trade(Cont.) The triangular trade is colonial trade routes between New England colonies (Boston and New York), Africa, and the West Indies. Description of the Trade: 1.Ships from the New England colonies carried rum, guns, cloth and tools to West Africa. These goods were traded for enslaved Africans. 2. Then ships took enslaved Africans to the West indies where they were sold. This part of the voyage was called the Middle Passage. 3. In West Indies, the sea captains traded the enslaved Africans , molasses and sugar with the New England merchants, where these goods were sent to the new world (New England colonies). In return, ships from New England carried fish, lumber, and other goods to the West Indies.

5. Reminder: Jamestown
In 1619, the first Africans were brought to Jamestown.
Historical records seem to show that Africans were first treated like indentured servants in Jamestown.
This changed and laws were made that defined regulated slavery

6. Conclusions
Laws were passed that made Enslaved Africans slaves for life and also defined enslaved Africans as property.
Laws eventually made it illegal for slaves to marry, to own property or to earn their freedom.
This is a change from indentured servitude to racial slavery (slavery based on race and racism).

7. The House of Burgesses (Review)
The first meeting of the Virginia General Assembly at Jamestown in July 1619, the House of Burgesses was the first democratically-elected legislative body in the 13 colonies.

8. Ask yourself… “How would you have felt if this happened to you?”
In this lesson…
In this lesson you will learn more about the institution of slavery in the colonies and the lives of both enslaved and free blacks.
Ask yourself… “How would you have felt if this happened to you?”

9. Question: Why were enslaved Africans needed in the Southern Colonies?
The Southern Economy was dependent on large plantations that grew cash crops like tobacco, rice, cotton, and indigo.
These farms needed many workers.
As a result, more and more enslaved Africans were brought to these colonies and forced to do the work.

10. Agree or Disagree?
“Enslaved Africans were only forced to work in the Southern Colonies, not the other two regions.”

11. Number of Enslaved Africans Map
What are the two different types of data shown on the map?
The number of enslaved Africans in each colony
The percentage of the total population of each colony they made up

12. Questions About Map
According to the map, in which colonial region or regions were enslaved Africans forced to work?
In which colonial region were there the most enslaved Africans?
Which colony had the smallest number of enslaved Africans?
Which colony had the largest number of enslaved Africans?
Why do you think this colony had the largest number?
In which two colonies was the enslaved African population greater than 60% of the population?
Blacks began to develop a unique African American culture in the colonies. Do you think this culture had a greater impact on some colonies rather than others? Why or why not?

13. The People Could Fly
Timelines, maps and informational texts are useful in helping us understand many things about slavery, but do not really help us understand much about life for enslaved Africans.

14. Roll Jordan Roll Slave Song
Oral Tradition
Oral tradition was important in Africa to teach younger generations about history
Definition: Oral tradition is information passed down through the generations by word of mouth that is not written down. This includes historical and cultural traditions, literature and law.
Music, song, and stories helped pass history from generation to generation.
Roll Jordan Roll Slave Song

15. Example: Free blacks in the colonies experienced discrimination.
Definition: Treating people unfairly because of a factor such as race or religion.
Example: Free blacks in the colonies experienced discrimination.

16. Discrimination Continued…
All black people in the colonies were not enslaved.
There were free blacks that lived throughout the colonies.
As time went on, the free blacks experienced more and more discrimination.

17. A 1690 Connecticut law forbid free blacks and Native Americans from being on a street after 9PM.
In 1717, the citizens of New London, Connecticut voted their objection to free blacks living in the town or owning land anywhere in the colony in a town meeting.
Free blacks were not allowed to own land in the colonies.
After 1700, both free and enslaved African Americans were tried in courts without a jury.

18. In 1718, a law was passed in Rhode Island stated: “When any enslaved African is caught in the home of a free black person, both will be whipped”.

19. Archaeology
For many years little interest was shown in exploring the early history of African Americans but this has begun to change.
Several current archaeology projects are helping us better understand the life ways of African Americans in colonial America and the important roles they played in our early history.
Archaeology Definition: A special branch of history in which people study objects from the past.

20. What Do Archeologists Find?
Artifacts such as bones, tools and old building sites.
This helps us make inferences about how daily life was like during slavery and to know about important aspects of their culture.

22. Virginia General Assembly Declaration
“ All servants imported and brought into the Country…who were not Christians in their native Country…shall be accounted and be slaves. All Negro, mulatto and Indian slaves within this dominion…shall be held to real estate. If any slave resists his master…correcting such slave, and shall happen to be killed in such correction…the master shall be free of all punishment..as if such accident never happened.”
-Virginia General Assembly Declaration, 1705

24. Changes that the slave trade had on the cultures and people remaining in Africa
Families were broken apart.
The population in many areas decreases drastically
The slave trade tended to increase the amount of war in west Africa between Europeans and Africans.
The economy got dramatically affected by the lost of farmers, artists, and leaders.
Farming trading and other activities were completely disrupted.
Conflicts increased between African cultures over slavery since African kings/emperors traded guns and other goods with the Europeans in exchange for slaves.

25. Indentured Servant Vs. Enslaved Africans
Indentured Servants Consisted of men and women who did not have money for passage Agreed to work without pay for the person who paid for passage Free at end of contract.
African Slaves Captured in native Africa, sold to slave traders Shipped to colonies sold into slavery Owned as property for life with no rights Were often born into slavery

26. Similarities between slaves and indentured servants
Both slaves and indentured servants:
* Could be bought and sold.
* Lacked proper food and clothing.
* Poor housing.
* Hard work.
* Often died from servitude Indentured Slaves
* Could be hunted and punished for running away, whipped or branded.
* Were not allowed to learn to read and write.
A AfricanSlaves