1. STANDARD(S) ADDRESSED: 12.4 Students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the 3 branches of government. LEARNING OBJECTIVES/ GOALS/ SWBAT 1.Explain how the Constitution provides for presidential succession. 2.Understand the constitutional provisions relating to presidential disability. 3.Describe the role of the Vice President. CH 13-SEC 2

3. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 3 Chapter 13, Section 2 Key Terms presidential succession: the scheme by which a presidential vacancy is filled

4. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 4 Chapter 13, Section 2 Additional Key Terms balance the ticket: the practice of choosing a vice presidential running mate who can strengthen the presidential candidate’s chance of being elected Presidential Succession Act of 1947: the current law fixing the order of succession to the presidency after the Vice President

5. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 5 Chapter 13, Section 2 Introduction What occurs when the President is unable to perform the duties of the office? –If a President dies, resigns, or is removed by impeachment, the Vice President succeeds to the presidency. –If the President is temporarily incapacitated, the Vice President becomes Acting President until the President can resume office.

6. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 6 Chapter 13, Section 2

7. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 7 Chapter 13, Section 2 State of the Union Address

8. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 8 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Succession The Vice President succeeded the President nine times in U.S. history, beginning with John Tyler replacing William Harrison in 1841. At first, the Vice President technically assumed only the powers and duties of the presidency.

9. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 9 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Succession, cont. However, the custom was that the Vice President took the presidential office as well. Under the 25 th Amendment, adopted in 1967, the Vice President now formally assumes the office of President.

10. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 10 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Succession, cont.

11. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 11 Chapter 13, Section 2 Order of Succession The Presidential Succession Act of 1947 sets the order of succession after the Vice President. The presiding officers of Congress are followed by the heads of the cabinet departments in the order that they were created.

12. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 12 Chapter 13, Section 2

13. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 13 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: The Order of Succession to the Presidency 1.Vice President 2. Speaker of the House 3. president pro tempore of the Senate 4. secretary of state **(first cabinet officer) 5. secretary of the treasury

14. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 14 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Disability –In 1981, President Reagan was badly wounded in an assassination attempt.

15. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 15 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Disability For many years, there were no provisions for deciding if a President was too disabled to continue in office. –Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke in 1919 and was too ill to meet with his cabinet for seven months. –President Eisenhower had three serious but temporary illnesses while in office.

16. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 16 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Disability, cont. The 25 th Amendment addressed the disability issue. The Vice President becomes Acting President if: –The President informs Congress, in writing, that he or she cannot carry out the powers and duties of the office, OR

17. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 17 Chapter 13, Section 2 Presidential Disability, cont. –The Vice President and a majority of the members of the Cabinet inform Congress, in writing, that the President is incapacitated. (with a majority vote in congress)

18. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 18 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: 6. The 25th Amendment States that the Vice President may temporarily take over the duties of the presidency if the President so requests or if the Vice President and a majority of the Cabinet inform Congress that such a move is necessary. The President may then resume his or her duties with the approval of the Vice President and a majority of the Cabinet.

19. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 19 Chapter 13, Section 2 The Vice Presidency –The Constitution gives the Vice President two formal duties: to preside over the Senate, and to help decide if the President is disabled (under the 25 th Amendment). –Otherwise, the Vice President must be ready to assume the duties of the presidency if necessary. Checkpoint: What are the formal duties of the Vice President?

20. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 20 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: 7. The Vice President's constitutional duties are: to preside over the Senate and to help decide presidential disability.

21. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 21 Chapter 13, Section 2 The Vice Presidency, cont. Historically, the office of Vice President has had low status. Often the vice presidential candidate is chosen because he or she can balance the ticket,

22. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 22 Chapter 13, Section 2 The Vice Presidency, cont. Balancing the tickets: –helping the president get elected due to personal characteristics such as ideology, geographic background, race, ethnicity, or gender. This puts little emphasis on the presidential qualities possessed by a vice presidential candidate.

23. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 23 Chapter 13, Section 2 Recent Vice Presidents have had more political experience and influence. Dick Cheney is widely viewed as the most influential vice president in history. Joe Biden, right, brought years of foreign policy experience to his office. The Vice Presidency Today

24. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 24 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: 8. Vice Presidents are usually chosen to "balance the ticket," thus improving the presidential candidate's chances of winning the election.

25. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 25 Chapter 13, Section 2 The Vice Presidency Today, cont. No Vice President has been given as much power as the President, in part because the President cannot remove the Vice President. –What does this cartoon imply about the growth of the power of the Vice President?

26. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 26 Chapter 13, Section 2 Vice Presidential Vacancy The vice presidency has been left vacant nine times by succession, seven times by death, and twice by resignation.

27. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 27 Chapter 13, Section 2 Vice Presidential Vacancy Under the 25 th Amendment, the President can fill a vice presidential vacancy by –the President nominates a Vice President, who must be confirmed by both houses of Congress. –In 1973, Gerald Ford became the first Vice President appointed in this fashion.

28. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 28 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: 9.Filling the vacancy? The 25th Amendment states that the President nominates a new Vice President and that nomination must be confirmed by a majority vote of both houses.

29. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 29 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: 10. Presidential Succession: the order in which lesser officials take over the duties of the presidency in case those above them die, resign, or are removed from office

30. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 30 Chapter 13, Section 2 Guided Reading: 11. Balance the Ticket: presidential candidate chooses a running mate who can strengthen his or her chance of being elected by virtue of ideological, geographic, racial, ethnic, gender, or other characteristics

31. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc.Slide 31 Chapter 13, Section 2 Review Now that you have learned about what occurs when the President is unable to perform the duties of the office, go back and answer the Chapter Essential Question. –Does the current electoral process result in the best candidates for President?